T‐cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain, as a potential immune checkpoint target for immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Issue 5 (30th March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fathi, Mehrdad; Pustokhina, Inna; Kuznetsov, Sergey V.; Khayrullin, Mars; Hojjat‐Farsangi, Mohammad; Karpisheh, Vahid; Jalili, Ali; Jadidi‐Niaragh, Farhad
• Is Part Of: IUBMB life. Volume 73:Issue 5(2021)
• Page Start: 726
• Page End: 738
• Publication Date: 2021-03-30
• Subjects: cancer immunotherapy -- colorectal cancer -- immune checkpoint -- TIGIT; List of Abbreviations and symbols:; ICIs Immune checkpoint inhibitors; CRC colorectal cancer; NSCLC non‐small cell lung cancer; MSS microsatellite‐stable; MSI Microsatellite instability; dMMR defective DNA mismatch repair; TIGIT T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain; EMT epithelial‐mesenchymal transition; APCs antigen‐presenting cells; TME tumor microenvironment; TAMs tumor‐associated macrophages; TANs tumor‐associated neutrophils; NK Natural Killer cell; DC Dendritic Cells; Tregs regulatory T cells; TFR follicular regulatory T cells; TFH follicular helper T cells; CAFs cancer‐associated fibroblasts; MDSCs myeloid‐derived suppressor cells; AML acute myelogenous leukemia; TILs tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes; Fgl2 fibrinogen‐like protein 2; RR‐MS relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis; IBD inflammatory bowel diseases; ETBF Bacteroides fragilis; F. nucleatum Fusobacterium nucleatum; IHC immunohistochemistry; TNM staging spread of cancer to other parts of the body; DFS disease‐free survival; PVR poliovirus receptor; Grb2 growth factor receptor‐bound protein 2; SHIP1 SH2 domain‐containing inositol‐5‐phosphatase 1; MAPK mitogen‐activated protein kinase; NFκB nuclear factor‐kappa B; PI3K phosphoinositide 3‐kinase; mAb monoclonal antibody; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; 572.8
• DOI: 10.1002/iub.2461
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1521-6543

Abstract

Abstract: The importance of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression has been well studied for many years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are regarded as potential strategies in enhancing the immune responses in patients with cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC). Notably, CRCs are extraordinarily heterogeneous and mostly are microsatellite‐stable (MSS) or cold tumors, which means that the immune response is not usually as strong as that of foreign cells. T‐cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a new immune checkpoint receptor overexpressed inside the CRC tumor‐immune microenvironments. Moreover, several studies have shown that TIGIT in combination with other ICIs and/or conventional treatments, can lead to a robust anti‐tumor response in CRC. This review looks deep inside TIGIT expression patterns, their various functions, and possible immunotherapy strategies to increase survival rates and decrease immune‐related adverse events.