Alveolar to arterial gas exchange during constant-load exercise in healthy active men and women. Issue 9 (3rd May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schwartz, Jesse C.; Snyder, Eric M.; Olson, Thomas P.; Johnson, Bruce D.; Wheatley-Guy, Courtney M.
• Is Part Of: Journal of sports sciences. Volume 39:Issue 9(2021)
• Page Start: 961
• Page End: 968
• Publication Date: 2021-05-03
• Subjects: Sex -- exercise-induce arterial hypoxaemia -- PaO2 -- AaDO2 -- submaximal exercise -- cycling; Sports -- Periodicals; Sports -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; 612.044
• DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1851927
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-0414

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Inadequate hyperventilation and inefficient alveolar to arterial gas exchange are gas exchange challenges that can limit capacity and cause exercise-induced arterial hypoxaemia (EIAH). This work evaluated if the prevalence of gas exchange inefficiencies, defined as AaDO2 >25 mmHg, PaCO2 >38 mmHg, and/or ΔPaO2 >-10 mmHg at any point during constant-load exercise in healthy, active, but not highly trained, individuals suggested an innate sex difference that would make females more susceptible to EIAH. Sixty-four healthy, active males and females completed 18-min of cycling exercise (moderate and vigorous intensity, 9 min/stage). Arterial blood gases were measured at rest and every 3-min during exercise, while constantly assessing gas exchange. Both sexes demonstrated similar levels of AaDO2 widening until the final 3 min of vigorous exercise, where females demonstrated a trend for greater widening than males (16.3±6.2 mmHg vs. 19.1±6.0 mmHg, p=0.07). Males demonstrated a blunted ventilatory response to moderate exercise with higher PaCO2 (38.5±2.6 vs. 36.5±2.4, p=0.002) and a lower ventilation when corrected for workload (0.42±0.1 vs. 0.48±0.1, p=0.002). No significant arterial hypoxaemia occurred, but in 6 M and 5 F SaO2 dropped by ≥2%. There was no difference in prevalence of pulmonary gas exchange inefficiencies between sexes, but the type of inefficiency was influenced by sex. Abbreviations: AaDO2 : alveolar-arterial oxygen difference; BP: blood pressure; EIAH: exercise-induced arterial hypoxaemia; F: females; HR: heart rate; M: males; Q: cardiac output; PaCO2 : arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PaO2 : arterial partial pressure of oxygen; ΔPaO2 : change in arterial partial pressure of oxygen; PAO2 : alveolar partial pressure of oxygen; RPE: rating of perceived exertion; SaO2 : arterial oxygen saturation; VE : ventilation; VE /VCO2 : ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide; VO2PEAK : peak oxygen consumption; WMAX : workload maximum