Expression of new genes in vertebrate tooth development and p63 signaling. Issue 8 (4th April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rostampour, Nasim; Appelt, Cassy M.; Abid, Aunum; Boughner, Julia C.
• Other Names: Franz‐Odendaal Tamara A. guestEditor.; Hockman Dorit guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Developmental dynamics. Volume 248:Issue 8(2019)
• Page Start: 744
• Page End: 755
• Publication Date: 2019-04-04
• Subjects: craniodental integration -- dental epithelium -- dental evolution -- evolutionary developmental integration -- fish -- gar -- gene expression -- jaw development -- mouse -- odontogenesis -- p63 -- spotted gar -- tooth development -- vertebrate; Morphogenesis -- Periodicals; Anatomy -- Periodicals; Anatomie -- Périodiques; Biologie du développement -- Périodiques; 571.833
• DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.26
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-8388

Abstract

Abstract: Background: p63 is an evolutionarily ancient transcription factor essential to vertebrate tooth development. Our recent gene expression screen comparing wild‐type and "toothless" p63 −/− mouse embryos implicated in tooth development several new genes that we hypothesized act downstream of p63 in dental epithelium, where p63 is also expressed. Results: Via in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we probed mouse embryos (embryonic days 10.5‐14.5) and spotted gar fish embryos (14 days postfertilization) for these newly linked genes, Cbln1, Cldn23, Fermt1, Krt15, Pltp and Prss8, which were expressed in mouse and gar dental epithelium. Loss of p63 altered expression levels but not domains. Expression was comparable between murine upper and lower tooth organs, implying conserved gene functions in maxillary and mandibular dentitions. Our meta‐analysis of gene expression databases supported that these genes act within a p63 ‐driven gene regulatory network important to tooth development in mammals and more evolutionary ancient vertebrates (fish, amphibians). Conclusions: Cbln1, Cldn23, Fermt1, Krt15, Pltp, and Prss8 were expressed in mouse and fish dental epithelium at placode, bud, and/or cap stages. We theorize that these genes participate in cell‐cell adhesion, cell polarity, and extracellular matrix signaling to support dental epithelium integrity, folding, and epithelial‐mesenchymal cross talk during tooth development. Key Findings: Our study discovered that Cbln1, Cldn23, Fermt1, Krt15, Pltp and Prss8 are expressed in dental epithelium of upper and lower tooth organs from E10.5 to E14.5 in mouse, and in tooth organ of 14 dpf spotted gar fish. We found that these genes in mouse and gar have homologues in other vertebrate classes, supporting that these genes are important to vertebrate odontogenesis. As such, our work provides new foundational insights into genes underpinning tooth morphogenesis and, potentially, evolution.