Local treatment of stage IIIA-N2 nonsmall cell lung cancer: surgery and/or radiotherapy. Issue 1 (January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Van Meerbeeck, Jan P.; De Pooter, Christel; Raskin, Jo; Janssens, Annelies; Van Schil, Paul EY
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in oncology. Volume 32:Issue 1(2020:Jan.)
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Subjects: immunotherapy -- lung cancer -- neo-adjuvant therapy -- outcome -- stage III -- surgery -- survival; Oncology -- Periodicals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000596
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1040-8746

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose of review: Controversy exists regarding the optimal treatment of patients with stage IIIA-N2 nonsmall cell lung cancer because of its heterogeneity. Patients are at risk for both local and distant disease relapse after primary local treatment. However, there may be a window of opportunity for surgery, if mediastinal downstaging has been obtained after induction therapy. This manuscript reviews the outcome of patients treated by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NA-C) followed by surgery, compared with patients treated with either definitive sequential or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT), illustrated by a single-centre retrospective case series. Recent findings: Of 53 eligible patients, 19 received NA-C and underwent surgical resection, whilst 20 and 14 received concurrent or sequential definitive CRT, respectively. A significant difference in progression-free survival favouring NA-C followed by surgery over both CRT modalities was found. However, this translated only in an overall survival benefit in comparison with sequential definitive CRT. A trend for better outcome was observed in selected surgical patients with single-level mediastinal involvement and complete resection. Summary: Our case series results are consistent with the present standard of care of CRT, which restricts surgical resection to carefully selected patients. Immunotherapy will likely change the treatment paradigm.