Development of Host‐Orthogonal Genetic Systems for Synthetic Biology. Issue 3 (12th January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhang, Yang; Ding, Wentao; Wang, Zhihui; Zhao, Huimin; Shi, Shuobo
• Is Part Of: Advanced biology. Volume 5:Issue 3(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-01-12
• Subjects: host‐orthogonal genetic system -- regulation -- replication -- synthetic biology -- transcription -- translation; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Systems biology -- Periodicals; Biological systems -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Bioengineering -- Periodicals; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; 660.6
• DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000252
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2701-0198

Abstract

Abstract: The construction of a host‐orthogonal genetic system can not only minimize the impact of host‐specific nuances on fine‐tuning of gene expression, but also expand cellular functions such as in vivo continuous evolution of genes based on an error‐prone DNA polymerase. It represents an emerging powerful approach for making biology easier to engineer. In this review, the recent advances are described on the design of genetic systems that can be stably inherited in the host cells and are responsible for important biological processes including DNA replication, RNA transcription, protein translation, and gene regulation. Their applications in synthetic biology are summarized and the future challenges and opportunities are discussed in developing such systems. Abstract : The main goal of constructing a host‐orthogonal genetic system is to insulate genetic programs from the complex and rigid native genetic system, thus minimizing the incompatibility of components and developing context‐independent bioactivities. This review describes the recent advances on the design of host‐orthogonal genetic systems, summarizes their applications in synthetic biology, and discusses the future challenges and opportunities.