The evolving role of MUC16 (CA125) in the transformation of ovarian cells and the progression of neoplasia. (20th February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Giamougiannis, Panagiotis; Martin-Hirsch, Pierre L; Martin, Francis L
• Is Part Of: Carcinogenesis. Volume 42:Number 3(2021)
• Page Start: 327
• Page End: 343
• Publication Date: 2021-02-20
• Subjects: Carcinogenesis -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Genetic aspects -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Prevention -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Periodicals; 616.994071
• DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0143-3334

Abstract

Abstract: MUC16 (the cancer antigen CA125) is the most commonly used serum biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer, with increasing levels reflecting disease progression. It is a transmembrane glycoprotein with multiple isoforms, undergoing significant changes through the metastatic process. Aberrant glycosylation and cleavage with overexpression of a small membrane-bound fragment consist MUC16-related mechanisms that enhance malignant potential. Even MUC16 knockdown can induce an aggressive phenotype but can also increase susceptibility to chemotherapy. Variable MUC16 functions help ovarian cancer cells avoid immune cytotoxicity, survive inside ascites and form metastases. This review provides a comprehensive insight into MUC16 transformations and interactions, with description of activated oncogenic signalling pathways, and adds new elements on the role of its differential glycosylation. By following the journey of the molecule from pre-malignant states to advanced stages of disease it demonstrates its behaviour, in relation to the phenotypic shifts and progression of ovarian cancer. Additionally, it presents proposed differences of MUC16 structure in normal/benign conditions and epithelial ovarian malignancy. Abstract : Mucin 16 (MUC16—commonly known as cancer antigen CA125) is a glycoprotein that displays variable isoforms in benign and malignant conditions. In epithelial ovarian cancer its aberrant glycosylation and enhanced cleavage relate with cellular phenotypic plasticity and disease progression.