A Spatiotemporal DNA Endoploidy Map of the Arabidopsis Root Reveals Roles for the Endocycle in Root Development and Stress Adaptation. Issue 10 (16th August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhosale, Rahul; Boudolf, Veronique; Cuevas, Fabiola; Lu, Ran; Eekhout, Thomas; Hu, Zhubing; Van Isterdael, Gert; Lambert, Georgina M.; Xu, Fan; Nowack, Moritz K.; Smith, Richard S.; Vercauteren, Ilse; De Rycke, Riet; Storme, Veronique; Beeckman, Tom; Larkin, John C.; Kremer, Anna; Höfte, Herman; Galbraith, David W.; Kumpf, Robert P.; Maere, Steven; De Veylder, Lieven
• Is Part Of: The Plant Cell. Volume 30:Issue 10(2018)
• Page Start: 2330
• Page End: 2351
• Publication Date: 2018-08-16
• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00983
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1040-4651

Abstract

Abstract : A spatio-temporal ploidy map for the complete Arabidopsis root tip was established using computational biology techniques and experimentally verified. Abstract: Somatic polyploidy caused by endoreplication is observed in arthropods, molluscs, and vertebrates but is especially prominent in higher plants, where it has been postulated to be essential for cell growth and fate maintenance. However, a comprehensive understanding of the physiological significance of plant endopolyploidy has remained elusive. Here, we modeled and experimentally verified a high-resolution DNA endoploidy map of the developing Arabidopsis thaliana root, revealing a remarkable spatiotemporal control of DNA endoploidy levels across tissues. Fitting of a simplified model to publicly available data sets profiling root gene expression under various environmental stress conditions suggested that this root endoploidy patterning may be stress-responsive. Furthermore, cellular and transcriptomic analyses revealed that inhibition of endoreplication onset alters the nuclear-to-cellular volume ratio and the expression of cell wall-modifying genes, in correlation with the appearance of cell structural changes. Our data indicate that endopolyploidy might serve to coordinate cell expansion with structural stability and that spatiotemporal endoreplication pattern changes may buffer for stress conditions, which may explain the widespread occurrence of the endocycle in plant species growing in extreme or variable environments.