Absence of neural speech discrimination in preterm infants at term-equivalent age. (October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bartha-Doering, Lisa; Alexopoulos, Johanna; Giordano, Vito; Stelzer, Lisa; Kainz, Theresa; Benavides-Varela, Silvia; Wartenburger, Isabell; Klebermass-Schrehof, Katrin; Olischar, Monika; Seidl, Rainer; Berger, Angelika
• Is Part Of: Developmental cognitive neuroscience. Volume 39(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-10
• Subjects: Near-infrared spectroscopy -- Preterm birth -- Newborn infants -- Language development -- Speech discrimination; Cognitive neuroscience -- Periodicals; Developmental neurobiology -- Periodicals; Neuropsychology -- Periodicals; Neuropsychiatry -- Periodicals; 612.8233
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100679
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1878-9293

Abstract

Abstract: Children born preterm are at higher risk to develop language deficits. Auditory speech discrimination deficits may be early signs for language developmental problems. The present study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate neural speech discrimination in 15 preterm infants at term-equivalent age compared to 15 full term neonates. The full term group revealed a significantly greater hemodynamic response to forward compared to backward speech within the left hemisphere extending from superior temporal to inferior parietal and middle and inferior frontal areas. In contrast, the preterm group did not show differences in their hemodynamic responses during forward versus backward speech, thus, they did not discriminate speech from non-speech. Groups differed significantly in their responses to forward speech, whereas they did not differ in their responses to backward speech. The significant differences between groups point to an altered development of the functional network underlying language acquisition in preterm infants as early as in term-equivalent age.