Wood crib fire tests to evaluate the influence of extinguishing media and jet type on extinguishing performance at close range. (June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rappsilber, Tim; Below, Philipp; Krüger, Simone
• Is Part Of: Fire safety journal. Volume 106(2019)
• Page Start: 136
• Page End: 145
• Publication Date: 2019-06
• Subjects: Fire suppression -- Heat release rate -- Extinguishing media -- Compressed air foam -- Admixing rate -- Wood crib -- Cooling capability -- Systematic application; Fire prevention -- Periodicals; Incendies -- Prévention -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Fire prevention -- Research; Periodicals; 628.92205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.04.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0379-7112

Abstract

Abstract: This paper is intended to be the first study to discuss the fire suppressing performance of the four most common extinguishing media under the same reproducible conditions. The tests were performed in bench-scale and used standardized 5A wood cribs as well as a miniature extinguishing system with a liquid flow rate of 1.4 l min − 1 . The tests results present a consistent overview of the fire suppression efficacies of water, water with a foaming agent, nozzle-aspirated foam and compressed air foam. Depending on their jet types, the cooling capabilities of the extinguishing media water and water with a foaming agent were compared to the cooling capability of a full jet of wet, general and dry foams. The results show that compressed air foam suppressed fire most effectively under the test conditions. Because of the convoluted crib structure, water and water with foaming agents used from a distance are more effective in the form of a full jet rather than a spraying jet. At close range, spraying jets multiply their effectiveness. A slight difference can be observed in the cooling performance of extinguishing foams that use foaming agents from different manufacturers. The paper establishes a link between the foaming agent's cooling capability and its wetting power by relating the results of wood crib fire tests according to DIN EN 3–7 and findings from laboratory immersion tests compliant with DIN EN 1772. Highlights: Systematically applied spraying jets doesn't combat crib fires efficient. Specifically applied spraying jets combat fires more efficient than full jets. Systematically applied nozzle-aspirated foams can't develop their full potential. Compressed Air Foams suppress the fire better than other extinguishing media. Higher admixing rate doesn't raise the fire-suppression performance to a higher level.