An updated review of protective effects of rosemary and its active constituents against natural and chemical toxicities. (12th October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alavi, Mohaddeseh Sadat; Fanoudi, Sahar; Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, Mahboobeh; Mehri, Soghra; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein
• Is Part Of: Phytotherapy research. Volume 35:Number 3(2021)
• Page Start: 1313
• Page End: 1328
• Publication Date: 2020-10-12
• Subjects: antidote -- antioxidant -- rosemary -- Rosmarinic acid -- Rosmarinus officinalis -- toxin; Materia medica, Vegetable -- Periodicals; Botany, Medical -- Periodicals; Medicinal plants -- Periodicals; Plant Extracts -- therapeutic use -- Periodicals; Plants, Medicinal -- Periodicals; 581.634
• DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6894
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0951-418X

Abstract

Abstract : Natural and chemical toxic agents cause severe adverse effects on people's health in a variety of exposing ways. Herbal medications have taken into consideration as alternative safe treatments for toxicities. Rosmarinus officinalis also known as rosemary belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Rosemary and its constituents including carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, and carnosol have a lot of benefits such as anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐mutagenic, anti‐bacterial, antiviral, antinociceptive, and neuroprotective activities. In this literate review, we focused on the protective effects of rosemary and its main compounds against natural and chemical toxicities in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The protective effects of rosemary and its components are mostly mediated through different mechanisms such as the inhibition of oxidative stress, reduction of inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐17 (IL‐17), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and nuclear factor ĸB (NF‐ĸB) as well as the modulation of apoptosis and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.