Small bowel necrosis and perforation due to sodium polystyrene sulfonate in the setting of graft versus host disease and fulminant Clostridium difficile infection. Issue 8 (26th August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sukri, Leah; DiChiacchio, Laura; Wasicek, Philip J; Kavic, Stephen M
• Is Part Of: Journal of surgical case reports. Volume 2020:Issue 8(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08-26
• Subjects: Surgery -- Periodicals; Surgery -- Case studies -- Periodicals; 617.005
• DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjaa253
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2042-8812

Abstract

Abstract: Gastrointestinal injury is a common adverse event associated with use of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS), tradename Kayexalate. Risk factors for SPS-mediated gastrointestinal necrosis include chronic kidney disease, solid organ transplant recipiency and recent surgery. This report presents a patient with past medical history significant for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) complicated by graft versus host disease (GvHD) and Clostridium difficile colitis who initially presented with small bowel obstruction. She was taken to the operating room and her small bowel pathology was significant for transmural necrosis with SPS crystals in the granulation tissue, despite last receiving SPS over a year ago. Previous mucosal damage should be considered as a risk factor for SPS-mediated injury and the effects of this medication may occur longer than previously thought.