DNA metabarcoding reveals that African leopard diet varies between habitats. (4th November 2020)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- DNA metabarcoding reveals that African leopard diet varies between habitats. (4th November 2020)
- Main Title:
- DNA metabarcoding reveals that African leopard diet varies between habitats
- Authors:
- Havmøller, Rasmus Worsøe
Jacobsen, Nis Sand
Havmøller, Linnea Worsøe
Rovero, Francesco
Scharff, Nikolaj
Bohmann, Kristine - Abstract:
- Abstract: Understanding carnivores' diet is key to understanding their adaptability in a rapidly changing world. However, studying diet of large carnivores is difficult due to their elusive nature. In this study, we performed DNA metabarcoding analyses of 82 putative leopard scats collected from two distinct, but connected, habitat types (rainforest and grassland) in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. Two mitochondrial markers were used to identify predator and prey. Metabarcoding confirmed that 60 of the collected scats (73%) originated from leopards, and nineteen mammalian prey DNA sequences were identified to species. Using prey size correction factors for leopards, and covariates on habitat type and prey ecology, we investigated whether differences in leopard dietary composition were detectable between habitats. We found that leopards in grassland consumed a larger mean prey size compared with leopards in rainforest. Small prey (<19 kg) constituted >70% of the biomass consumed by leopards in rainforest, while large prey (≥80 kg) were only eaten in grassland. Arboreal species constituted 50% of the biomass consumed by rainforest leopards. Our results highlight the importance of arboreal species in their diet. From a management perspective, we suggest continued protection of all prey species in the protected areas to prevent human–wildlife conflicts. Résumé: La compréhension du régime alimentaire des carnivores est essentielle pour comprendre leur adaptabilité dans un mondeAbstract: Understanding carnivores' diet is key to understanding their adaptability in a rapidly changing world. However, studying diet of large carnivores is difficult due to their elusive nature. In this study, we performed DNA metabarcoding analyses of 82 putative leopard scats collected from two distinct, but connected, habitat types (rainforest and grassland) in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. Two mitochondrial markers were used to identify predator and prey. Metabarcoding confirmed that 60 of the collected scats (73%) originated from leopards, and nineteen mammalian prey DNA sequences were identified to species. Using prey size correction factors for leopards, and covariates on habitat type and prey ecology, we investigated whether differences in leopard dietary composition were detectable between habitats. We found that leopards in grassland consumed a larger mean prey size compared with leopards in rainforest. Small prey (<19 kg) constituted >70% of the biomass consumed by leopards in rainforest, while large prey (≥80 kg) were only eaten in grassland. Arboreal species constituted 50% of the biomass consumed by rainforest leopards. Our results highlight the importance of arboreal species in their diet. From a management perspective, we suggest continued protection of all prey species in the protected areas to prevent human–wildlife conflicts. Résumé: La compréhension du régime alimentaire des carnivores est essentielle pour comprendre leur adaptabilité dans un monde en évolution rapide. Cependant, l'étude du régime alimentaire des grands carnivores est difficile en raison de leur nature insaisissable. Dans cette étude, nous avons effectué des analyses basées sur le métabarcodage de l'ADN de 82 excréments de léopards présumés, collectés dans deux types d'habitats distincts mais liés (forêt tropicale et prairie) au sein des montagnes Udzungwa, en Tanzanie. Deux marqueurs mitochondriaux ont été utilisés pour identifier les prédateurs et les proies. Le métabarcodage a confirmé que 60 des excréments collectés (73%) provenaient de léopards, et dix‐neuf séquences d'ADN de proies de mammifères ont été identifiées à l'espèce. En utilisant des facteurs de correction de la taille des proies pour les léopards et des covariables sur le type d'habitat et l'écologie des proies, nous avons tenté de déterminer si les différences dans la composition du régime alimentaire des léopards étaient détectables entre les différents habitats. Nous avons constaté que les léopards des prairies consommaient des proies dont la taille moyenne était plus importante que celle des proies consommées par les léopards de la forêt tropicale. Les petites proies (<19 kg) constituaient plus de 70% de la biomasse consommée par les léopards de la forêt tropicale, tandis que les grandes proies (≥ 80 kg) étaient uniquement consommées dans les prairies. Les espèces arboricoles constituaient 50% de la biomasse consommée par les léopards de la forêt tropicale. Nos résultats mettent en évidence l'importance des espèces arboricoles dans leur régime alimentaire. En termes de gestion, nous suggérons de continuer à protéger toutes les espèces de proies dans les zones protégées afin de prévenir les conflits entre les hommes et la faune. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- African journal of ecology. Volume 59:Number 1(2021)
- Journal:
- African journal of ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 59:Number 1(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 59, Issue 1 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 59
- Issue:
- 1
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0059-0001-0000
- Page Start:
- 37
- Page End:
- 50
- Publication Date:
- 2020-11-04
- Subjects:
- Eastern Arc Mountains -- large carnivore -- scat analyses -- Tanzania -- Udzungwa
Zoology -- Africa -- Periodicals
Ecology -- Africa -- Periodicals
Wildlife management -- Africa -- Periodicals
Zoology -- Africa, East -- Periodicals
Ecology -- Africa, East -- Periodicals
Wildlife management -- Africa, East -- Periodicals
577 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2028 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/aje.12817 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0141-6707
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 0732.519000
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- 16019.xml