Is lorcaserin really associated with increased risk of cancer? A systematic review and meta‐analysis. (1st December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: de Andrade Mesquita, Leonardo; Fagundes Piccoli, Giovana; Richter da Natividade, Gabriella; Frison Spiazzi, Bernardo; Colpani, Verônica; Gerchman, Fernando
• Is Part Of: Obesity reviews. Volume 22:Number 3(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-12-01
• Subjects: cancer -- lorcaserin -- meta‐analysis -- obesity; Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1111/obr.13170
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1467-7881

Abstract

Summary: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported in February 2020 an increased risk of cancer with lorcaserin in the follow‐up of the CAMELLIA‐TIMI 61 trial. This systematic review and meta‐analysis addresses whether lorcaserin is associated with higher incidence of cancer compared with other interventions or no treatment. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials that compared lorcaserin with other interventions or no treatment in adults. We performed descriptive synthesis of all included studies and conducted meta‐analysis of trials that reported new cases of cancer. From 11 trials, comprising 21, 299 individuals, four studies were included in the meta‐analysis and reported 476 cases of cancer in 10, 342 subjects in the lorcaserin group and 438 among 9429 individuals randomized to placebo (relative risk [RR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.96–1.23). The result was heavily influenced by the CAMELLIA‐TIMI 61 trial. In this study, the lorcaserin group had a higher risk of lung and pancreatic but not colon cancer. Overall risk of bias was low, and quality of evidence was moderate. The current evidence does not confirm the increased risk of cancer with lorcaserin but suggests a trend in this direction, with a greater incidence of some subtypes such as lung and pancreas.