Systematic two-scale image analysis of extreme deformations in soft architectured sheets. (15th March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Agnelli, Filippo; Margerit, Pierre; Celli, Paolo; Daraio, Chiara; Constantinescu, Andrei
• Is Part Of: International journal of mechanical sciences. Volume 194(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-03-15
• Subjects: Auxetic -- Architectured solids -- Soft materials -- Digital image correlation -- Skeletal representation; Mechanical engineering -- Periodicals; Génie mécanique -- Périodiques; Mechanical engineering; Maschinenbau; Mechanik; Zeitschrift; Periodicals; 621.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.106205
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0020-7403

Abstract

Highlights: An adapted multi-scale digital image correlation analysis is used to experimentally characterize the extreme deformation of soft architectured sheets. This method is applied to track the macroscopic and microscopic behaviour of an auxetic structure loaded in tension and shear. The effects of manufacturing imperfections, boundary conditions and of the finite-size of the specimen are evaluated with unprecedented clarity. From the experiments, it is possible to extract a skeletal representation of the architectured solid that accurately captures its behavior. The proposed analysis can guide the design of two-dimensional architectured solids with regular, quasi-regular or graded patterns. Graphical abstract: Abstract: The multi-scale nature of architectured materials raises the need for advanced experimental methods suitable for the identification of their effective properties, especially when their size is finite and they undergo extreme deformations. The present work demonstrates that state-of-the art image processing methods combined with numerical and analytical models provide a comprehensive quantitative description of these solids and their global behaviour, including the influence of the boundary conditions, of the manufacturing process, and of geometric and constitutive non-linearities. To this end, an adapted multi-scale digital image correlation analysis is used to track both elongations and rotations of particular features of the unit cell at the local and global (homogenized) scale of the material. This permits to observe with unprecedented clarity the strain fields for various unit cells in the structure and to detect global deformation patterns and heterogeneities of the homogenized strain distribution. This method is here demonstrated on elastic sheets undergoing extreme longitudinal and shear deformations. These experimental results are compared to non-linear finite element simulations, which are also used to evaluate the effects of manufacturing imperfections on the response. A skeletal representation of the architectured solid is then extracted from the experiments and used to create a purely-kinematic truss-hinge model that can accurately capture its behaviour. The analysis proposed in this work can be extended to guide the design of two-dimensional architectured solids featuring other regular, quasi-regular or graded patterns, and subjected to other types of loads.