Fatty acid recycling in adipocytes: a role for glyceroneogenesis and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. (1st December 2003)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Forest, C.; Tordjman, J.; Glorian, M.; Duplus, E.; Chauvet, G.; Quette, J.; Beale, E.G.; Antoine, B.
• Is Part Of: Biochemical Society transactions. Volume 31:Number 6(2003)
• Page Start: 1125
• Page End: 1129
• Publication Date: 2003-12-01
• Subjects: glucocorticoid -- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -- re-esterification -- thiazolidinedione -- transcription factor; Biochemistry -- Congresses; 572
• DOI: 10.1042/bst0311125
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-5127

Abstract

Abstract : FA (fatty acid) recycling in adipose tissue appears to be an important pathway for regulating FA release into the blood during fasting. Re-esterification requires G3P (glycerol 3-phosphate), which cannot be synthesized from glucose because glycolysis is much reduced under such circumstances. In addition, G3P can scarcely originate from glycerol since glycerol kinase has a very low activity in white adipose tissue. It was shown about 35 years ago that a metabolic pathway named glyceroneogenesis, which allows G3P synthesis from non-carbohydrate precursors like pyruvate, lactate or amino acids, is activated during fasting. The major enzyme in this pathway was shown to be PEPCK-C [cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP); EC 4.1.1.32]. The present review analyses the mechanisms by which a series of hormones and nutrients affect PEPCK-C gene transcription and glyceroneogenesis and describes evidence for dysregulation of this pathway in type 2 diabetes.