COX-2: A Pivotal Enzyme in Mucosal Protection and Resolution of Inflammation. (2006)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wallace, John L.
• Other Names: Serhan Charles N. Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: TheScientificWorldjournal. Volume 6(2006)
• Page Start: 577
• Page End: 588
• Publication Date: 2006
• Subjects: inflammation -- cyclooxygenase -- prostaglandin -- lipoxin -- colitis -- colonic cancer -- inflammatory bowel disease -- irritable bowel syndrome; Science -- Periodicals; Technology -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; 505
• DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2006.122
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2356-6140

Abstract

Abstract : The discovery of a second form of cyclooxygenase, COX-2, led to a burst of research aimed at the development of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that would not damage the gastrointestinal tract. In the years since, this promise has only been partially fulfilled. Selective COX-2 inhibitors cause less gastric damage than conventional, nonselective COX inhibitors, but their use is still associated with significant gastrointestinal injury, and with toxicity in the renal and cardiovascular systems. COX-2 is now recognized as a source of mediators that produce many beneficial and detrimental effects in the digestive system. In this review, the roles of COX-2 in mucosal defense and injury are discussed. Furthermore, contributions of COX-2–derived products to the long-term consequences of intestinal inflammation, including cancer, are reviewed.