Battery state-of-health sensitive energy management of hybrid electric vehicles: Lifetime prediction and ageing experimental validation. (1st March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Anselma, Pier Giuseppe; Kollmeyer, Phillip; Lempert, Jeremy; Zhao, Ziyu; Belingardi, Giovanni; Emadi, Ali
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 285(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-03-01
• Subjects: Battery ageing -- Battery state-of-health -- Energy management -- Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) -- Optimal control; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116440
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Highlights: Optimal control of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) for fuel economy and battery lifetime. Experimental verification of numerically predicted battery lifetime values. Satisfactory correlation with empirical results thanks to ageing modeling update. Significant down-sizing of HEV battery packs while preserving fuel economy. Abstract: Achieving a satisfactory high-voltage battery lifetime while preserving fuel economy is a key challenge in the design of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). While several battery state-of-health (SOH) sensitive control approaches for HEVs have been presented in the literature, these approaches have not typically been experimentally validated. This paper thus aims at illustrating an optimal, multi-objective battery SOH sensitive off-line HEV control approach, which is based on dynamic programming (DP) and is experimentally validated in terms of prediction capability of the battery lifetime. An experimental campaign is conducted which ages cells with current profiles for three different predicted lifetime cases. The predictive accuracy of the battery ageing model is subsequently improved by including the effect of temperature and updating the empirical ageing characterization curve. The improved ageing model is then used to assess HEV performance in terms of fuel economy and battery lifetime for various high-voltage battery pack sizes and control goals. Results suggest that, thanks to the proposed multi-objective battery SOH sensitive control approach, the battery pack may be downsized by 35% with no impact on battery lifetime and a fuel consumption increase of just 1.1%. Engineers and designers could thus potentially adopt the proposed control approach to design HEVs which take tradeoffs between fuel economy and battery lifetime into consideration. Considerable reductions in battery pack cost, weight and production related CO2 emissions could be achieved in this way.