A Comparison of Human and Porcine Skin in Laser‐Assisted Drug Delivery of Chemotherapeutics. Issue 1 (8th November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rosenberg, Lukas K.; Bagger, Charlotte; Janfelt, Christian; Haedersdal, Merete; Olesen, Uffe H.; Lerche, Catharina M.
• Other Names: Bernstein Eric F. guestEditor.; Adrian Thomas guestEditor.; Rossi Anthony M. guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Lasers in surgery and medicine. Volume 53:Issue 1(2021)
• Page Start: 162
• Page End: 170
• Publication Date: 2020-11-08
• Subjects: 5‐fluorouracil -- bleomycin -- endogenous lipids -- ex vivo -- fractional ablative laser -- Franz diffusion cells -- laser‐assisted drug delivery -- MALDI‐MSI -- porcine; Lasers in medicine -- Periodicals; Lasers in surgery -- Periodicals; 617
• DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23344
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0196-8092

Abstract

Abstract : Background and Objectives: Porcine skin is a widely used model in diffusion studies, but its usefulness for laser‐assisted drug delivery (LADD) has not been evaluated in comparison with human skin. This study compared porcine and human skin in ex vivo LADD diffusion studies. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Ex vivo ablative fractional laser (AFL) treatments (5, 20, and 80 mJ/mb) were applied to skin samples from three sources: human, normal pig (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire breed), and a hyperkeratotic pig phenotype. Samples were stained using hematoxylin and eosin, photo‐documented, and measured digitally. Samples (20 mJ/mb) were exposed to bleomycin or 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) for 19 hours in Franz diffusion cells. Drug uptake was quantified at three skin depths (100, 500, and 1, 500 µm) by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Drug biodistribution and endogenous lipids were visualized by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging. Results: Epidermal and dermal thicknesses of human and normal pig skin were similar (76–87 µm and 1, 668–1, 886 µm, respectively; P = 0.082–0.494). Endogenous lipids were investigated, and 116 compounds were identified. Of these compounds, 100 were found in all three skin types, while six were present exclusively in human skin. Laser channel depths (20 mJ/mb) in human and normal pig skin were similar (1, 081 vs. 1, 126 µm; P = 0.588). Bleomycin uptake was similar in all skin types at all depths (101.4–175.6 µg/cm 3 ; P = 0.132–0.699). 5‐FU uptake in human and normal pig skin was similar at 100 and 500 µm (80.5 vs. 140.3 µg/cm 3 and 131.2 vs. 208.1 µg/cm 3, respectively; P = 0.065–0.093). At 1500 µm, 5‐FU concentrations in the porcine skin types differed from those in human skin (104.7 vs. 196.7–344.8 µg/cm 3 ; P = 0.002–0.026). Drug biodistribution was similar among skin types, but differences between bleomycin and 5‐FU biodistribution were observed. Conclusions: Normal porcine and human skin showed similar morphology, the composition of endogenous lipids, and AFL‐assisted cutaneous uptake, and biodistribution of chemotherapeutics. Therefore, normal porcine skin, but not hyperkeratotic pig phenotype skin, is a practical and reliable model for healthy human skin in ex vivo LADD diffusion studies. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC