Calcium Intake Is Inversely Related to the Risk of Obesity Among American Young Adults over a 30-Year Follow-Up. (29th May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lu, Liping; Chen, Cheng; Tang, Wenjing; Jacobs, David; Shikany, James; He, Ka
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 4(2020)Supplement 2
• Page Start: 1445
• Page End: 1445
• Publication Date: 2020-05-29
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_073
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: It has been suggested that high calcium intake may promote weight reduction and prevent obesity, but data from longitudinal studies investigating the potential long-term associations of calcium with weight maintenance are limited and the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, we prospectively examined dietary calcium and serum calcium concentrations in relation to the incidence of obesity in a cohort of American young adults. Methods: This study includes 4097 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who were age 18–30 years at baseline in 1985–86. Participants were reexamined in 8 follow-ups over 30 years. Calcium intake from diet and supplements was estimated by the CARDIA diet history questionnaire at baseline and two re-exams (year 7 and 20). Serum calcium concentrations were measured at baseline. Incident obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 . Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between calcium levels (intake and serum concentrations) and the incidence of obesity. Results: During 30 years of follow-up, a total of 1675 participants became obese. Both calcium intake and serum calcium concentrations were inversely associated with obesity incidence independent of sociodemographics, major lifestyle factors, medical history, dietary quality and clinical measurements (blood pressure, lipid profiles, and fasting insulin) [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of quintile 5 (highest) vs. quintile 1 (lowest) calcium intake from diet and supplements: 0.76 (0.62, 0.93), P for trend = 0.02; serum calcium: 0.83 (0.71, 0.97), P for trend = 0.04]. A similar inverse association was observed between the consumption of dairy products, a major food source of calcium, and obesity incidence. Conclusions: Calcium intake and serum calcium concentration are longitudinally and inversely associated with incidence of obesity among American young adults. Funding Sources: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Northwestern University, University of Minnesota, and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute. This study is also partially supported by the NIH grants.