Occurrence, distribution and pollution pattern of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in surface water of the Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Norway): Environmental contamination, seasonal trend and climate change. (February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ademollo, Nicoletta; Spataro, Francesca; Rauseo, Jasmin; Pescatore, Tanita; Fattorini, Niccolò; Valsecchi, Sara; Polesello, Stefano; Patrolecco, Luisa
• Is Part Of: Marine pollution bulletin. Volume 163(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-02
• Subjects: New POPs -- Endocrine disrupting compounds -- PAHs -- Generalized linear models -- Climate change -- Arctic; Marine pollution -- Periodicals; Marine Biology -- Periodicals; Water Pollution -- Periodicals; Mer -- Pollution -- Périodiques; Publications périodiques; Pollution des mers; Lutte antipollution; Electronic journals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111900
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-326X

Abstract

Abstract: This work aimed to investigate the contamination pattern in Kongsfjorden marine environment (Svalbard, 79°N 12°E) and to disentangle primary and secondary emissions. Surface seawater, sampled in two seasons, was analysed by GC–MS and LC-MS/MS to detect polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nonylphenols (NPs), bisphenol A (BPA) and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). In summer, average ΣPAHs, BPA, ΣNPs, ΣPFASs and ΣPCBs concentrations were 17.3 ± 11.1 ng/L, 0.9 ± 0.3 ng/L, 10.0 ± 6.9 ng/L, 0.4 ± 0.7 ng/L and 1.8 ± 1.3 pg/L, respectively; while in winter, they were 13.6 ± 10.1 ng/L, 0.5 ± 0.2 ng/L, 6.8 ± 3.3 ng/L, <LOD and 0.6 ± 0.4 pg/L, respectively. The application of generalized linear models (GLMs) highlighted that: PFAS pattern agrees their predominant long-range hydrospheric transport; the additive effect of the distance to glacier and harbour affected PAH, NP and BPA distributions; the additive effect of season and distance from the glacier, but not their interaction, influenced PCBs distribution, indicating melting glaciers as potential secondary POP sources. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: PCBs model results highlight the role of melting glaciers as secondary POP sources. The long-range hydrospheric and atmospheric transport affected the PFAS levels. The PAH, NP and BPA concentrations were not affected by the seasonality. Both distance to the glacier and harbour affected the PAH, NP and BPA trends. Climate change and local sources affected the POP emission in Kongsfjorden.