Spatial and temporal distribution of microplastic in surface water of tropical estuary: Case study in Benoa Bay, Bali, Indonesia. (February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Suteja, Yulianto; Atmadipoera, Agus Saleh; Riani, Etty; Nurjaya, I Wayan; Nugroho, Dwiyoga; Cordova, Muhammad Reza
• Is Part Of: Marine pollution bulletin. Volume 163(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-02
• Subjects: Estuary -- Fragment -- Marine debris -- Marine litter -- Landfill; Marine pollution -- Periodicals; Marine Biology -- Periodicals; Water Pollution -- Periodicals; Mer -- Pollution -- Périodiques; Publications périodiques; Pollution des mers; Lutte antipollution; Electronic journals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111979
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-326X

Abstract

Abstract: In 2010, Indonesia estimated as the second-largest country in the world that donates plastic to the sea. This study aims to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics in tropical estuaries. The sampling was carried out in Benoa Bay with four repetitions representing the wet and dry seasons. Spatially it was found that the highest microplastic abundance around the Suwung landfill, while the lowest at Badung River Estuary, middle, and an inlet of the Benoa Bay. The highest percentage to the lowest microplastic based on the size was 500–1000 μm (37.9%), >1000 μm (35.7%), 300–500 μm (22.1%), and <300 μm (4.3%), while based on the shape were fragments (73.19%), foam (17.02%), fiber (6.38%), and granule (3.40%). No significant differences were found between the wet and dry seasons based on the abundance, but significantly varied based on size and shape. Polymers of microplastics were dominated by polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyethylene. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: The microplastic was detected in all station in Benoa Bay surface water. The landfill was suspected as the primary source of microplastic pollution. The fragment was the most common shape of microplastic in Benoa Bay. 13 types of polymer were found in Benoa Bay.