Energy trilemma based prioritization of waste-to-energy technologies: Implications for post-COVID-19 green economic recovery in Pakistan. (15th February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ali Shah, Syed Ahsan; Longsheng, Cheng; Solangi, Yasir Ahmed; Ahmad, Munir; Ali, Sharafat
• Is Part Of: Journal of cleaner production. Volume 284(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-02-15
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Green economic recovery -- Waste-to-Energy -- Renewable energy -- SDG 7 -- MCDM; Factory and trade waste -- Management -- Periodicals; Manufactures -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Déchets industriels -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Usines -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; 628.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124729
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-6526

Abstract

Abstract: As lockdown eases, economic activities resume in Pakistan. If the country continues to follow business-as-usual (BAU) then it is anticipated that carbon output could surge past pre-COVID-19 levels – that means more disasters in future. Thus, it is an unprecedented opportunity to shift from BAU and achieve carbon-neutral and nature-positive economic recovery – green economic recovery (GER). To fuel the GER, access to modern, equitable, affordable and sustainable energy is paramount. This study explores waste-to-energy (WtE) as an alternative green fuel for GER. Seven WtE technologies are prioritized based on the concept of energy trilemma – energy security, energy equity, and environmental sustainability. For the evaluation, an energy trilemma based decision support framework is developed using most prominent multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. The fuzzy set theory is integrated with MCDM methods to minimize uncertainty in results. Sixteen experts are engaged to score each WtE technology with respect to every energy trilemma dimension and sub-dimension. Gasification technology is found to be the most feasible option for WtE generation in Pakistan whereas Torrefaction technology is least favorable. It is concluded that the need to shift towards sustainable energy is more than ever to limit the carbon emission and prevent future crisis. Highlights: COVID-19 offers unprecedented opportunity for transition to renewable energy. Green economic recovery is vital to limit carbon level and prevent future crisis. Energy trilemma based decision support framework is proposed. Waste-to-Energy can fuel economic recovery as well as can help cities keep clean. Gasification is the most feasible Waste-to-Energy technology in Pakistan.