Different settings of violence and risk factor for suicide: a case-control study in Campinas, Brazil. (30th September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Komoda, D; Cordeiro, R C; Ruiz, A M P; Fernández, M R B
• Is Part Of: European journal of public health. Volume 30(2020)Supplement 5
• Publication Date: 2020-09-30
• Subjects: Epidemiology -- Europe -- Periodicals; Public health -- Europe -- Periodicals; 362.109405
• DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1266
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1101-1262

Abstract

Abstract: Background: According to WHO, "800, 000 people die due to suicide every year" and "is the third leading cause of death in 15-19-years-old". And although the main risk factor to suicide is a prior attempt, this study tried to find other risk factors, which can guide a broader discussion amongst global and local communities as well as policy makers and healthcare professionals effort against all forms of violence. The aim of the study is to measure the risk of suicide in different sets of violence. Methods: This is a case-control study held in Campinas-SP, by epiGeo research group on violence during 2019. Cases are defined as people who commited suicide; information on child abuse were collected through verbal autopsy interviews with kinships. For controls, R randomly selected addresses for interview with someone randomly selected. Odds Ratio was obtained by generalized logistic regression. Confidence Interval was set to 95%. Results: Final analysis shows that suicides represented 14.2% of death due to external causes in 2019. A relation between male sex and suicide was observed (OR: 4.35; CI 2.55 - 7.41; p < 0.0001). Abuse during childhood also showed positive relation (RR: 2.16; CI 1.09 - 4.27; p = 0.0001). Another relation were observed in people with disabilities and suicide risk (RR: 2.04; CI 1.26 - 3.31; p = 0.004). Conclusions: People who suffered child abuse and people with disabilities are amongst the ones who suffer higher risks of suicide, and the most probable hypothesis relating both conditions is violence. Action must be taken by the global and local communities, policy makers in a broad sense, against maltreatment, bullying, youth violence, intimate partner violence, sexual violence, emotional and psychological violence, and gender-based violence. Key messages: Strengthening protective policy to overcome violence and abuse against child and other vulnerable people is of major importance to fight suicide risk. Accessibility and protective policies are of utmost importance to a more inclusive and welcoming society.