Emerging role of mitochondria in airborne particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity. (1st February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sharma, Jahnavi; Parsai, Kamakshi; Raghuwanshi, Pragati; Ali, Sophiya Anjum; Tiwari, Vineeta; Bhargava, Arpit; Mishra, Pradyumna Kumar
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 270(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-02-01
• Subjects: Air pollution -- Environmental health -- Mitochondrial dysfunction -- Circulating mtDNA -- Immune-susceptibility; AhR Aryl hydrocarbon receptor -- AIM2 Absent in melanoma 2 -- ARE Antioxidant responsive element -- ATP Adenosine triphosphate -- B(a)P Benzo(a)Pyrene -- CARD Caspase activation and recruitment domain -- CD Cluster of differentiation -- cGAMP 2′, 3′-cyclic Guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate -- cGAS Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase -- CVDs Cardiovascular diseases -- DALYs Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) -- DAMPs Damage associated molecular patterns -- DCs Dendritic cells -- DEPs Diesel exhaust particles -- DNase deoxyribonuclease -- dsRNA Double-stranded RNA -- GM-CSF Granulocytes-macrophage colony stimulating factor -- IFN Interferon -- IL Interleukin -- IRF Interferon regulatory factor -- ISGs Interferon stimulated genes -- LPS Lipopolysaccharides -- MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MIP Macrophage inflammatory protein -- MPT Mitochondria permeability transition -- mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA -- MyD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 -- NETs Neutrophil extracellular traps -- NF-kB Nuclear factor Kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells -- NK cell Natural killer cell -- NLR NOD-like receptor -- NLRC4 NLR family CARD-containing protein 4 -- NLRP3 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 -- NOD Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain -- Nrf-2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2 -- Ox-mtDNA Oxidized mitochondrial DNA -- OXPHOS Oxidative phosphorylation -- PGAM5 Mitochondrial phosphatase phosphoglycerate mutase 5 -- PAHs Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- PM Particulate matter -- PKA Protein kinase A -- PRRs Pattern recognition receptor -- mtROS mitochondrial reactive oxygen species -- STING Stimulator of interferon genes -- TBK1 TANK-binding kinase 1 -- TFAM Mitochondrial transcription factor A -- TLR Toll-like receptor -- TNF Tumor necrosis factor -- UFP Ultrafine particles; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116242
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: The immune system is one of the primary targets of airborne particulate matter. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria lie at the center of particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity. Particulate matter can directly interact with mitochondrial components (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) and impairs the vital mitochondrial processes including redox mechanisms, fusion-fission, autophagy, and metabolic pathways. These disturbances impede different mitochondrial functions including ATP production, which acts as an important platform to regulate immunity and inflammatory responses. Moreover, the mitochondrial DNA released into the cytosol or in the extracellular milieu acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern and triggers the signaling pathways, involving cGAS-STING, TLR9, and NLRP3. In the present review, we discuss the emerging role of mitochondria in airborne particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity and its myriad biological consequences in health and disease. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Particulate matter (PM) targets the immune system and increases susceptibility to infections. PM induces the derailment of mitochondrial machinery to modulate the immune response. Upon damage, mtDNA escapes and triggers the TLR9, NLRP3 and cGAS-STING pathways. Unraveling these mechanisms will help to identify biomarkers for PM linked immune disorders.