Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Issue 1 (January 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Issue 1 (January 2021)
- Main Title:
- Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Authors:
- Pandey, Anamika
Brauer, Michael
Cropper, Maureen L
Balakrishnan, Kalpana
Mathur, Prashant
Dey, Sagnik
Turkgulu, Burak
Kumar, G Anil
Khare, Mukesh
Beig, Gufran
Gupta, Tarun
Krishnankutty, Rinu P
Causey, Kate
Cohen, Aaron J
Bhargava, Stuti
Aggarwal, Ashutosh N
Agrawal, Anurag
Awasthi, Shally
Bennitt, Fiona
Bhagwat, Sadhana
Bhanumati, P
Burkart, Katrin
Chakma, Joy K
Chiles, Thomas C
Chowdhury, Sourangsu
Christopher, D J
Dey, Subhojit
Fisher, Samantha
Fraumeni, Barbara
Fuller, Richard
Ghoshal, Aloke G
Golechha, Mahaveer J
Gupta, Prakash C
Gupta, Rachita
Gupta, Rajeev
Gupta, Shreekant
Guttikunda, Sarath
Hanrahan, David
Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai
Jeemon, Panniyammakal
Joshi, Tushar K
Kant, Rajni
Kant, Surya
Kaur, Tanvir
Koul, Parvaiz A
Kumar, Praveen
Kumar, Rakesh
Larson, Samantha L
Lodha, Rakesh
Madhipatla, Kishore K
Mahesh, P A
Malhotra, Ridhima
Managi, Shunsuke
Martin, Keith
Mathai, Matthews
Mathew, Joseph L
Mehrotra, Ravi
Mohan, B V Murali
Mohan, Viswananthan
Mukhopadhyay, Satinath
Mutreja, Parul
Naik, Nitish
Nair, Sanjeev
Pandian, Jeyaraj D
Pant, Pallavi
Perianayagam, Arokiasamy
Prabhakaran, Dorairaj
Prabhakaran, Poornima
Rath, Goura K
Ravi, Shamika
Roy, Ambuj
Sabde, Yogesh D
Salvi, Sundeep
Sambandam, Sankar
Sharma, Bhavay
Sharma, Meenakshi
Sharma, Shweta
Sharma, R S
Shrivastava, Aakash
Singh, Sujeet
Singh, Virendra
Smith, Rodney
Stanaway, Jeffrey D
Taghian, Gabrielle
Tandon, Nikhil
Thakur, J S
Thomas, Nihal J
Toteja, G S
Varghese, Chris M
Venkataraman, Chandra
Venugopal, Krishnan N
Walker, Katherine D
Watson, Alexandrea Y
Wozniak, Sarah
Xavier, Denis
Yadama, Gautam N
Yadav, Geetika
Shukla, D K
Bekedam, Hendrik J
Reddy, K Srinath
Guleria, Randeep
Vos, Theo
Lim, Stephen S
Dandona, Rakhi
Kumar, Sunil
Kumar, Pushpam
Landrigan, Philip J
Dandona, Lalit
… (more) - Abstract:
- Summary: Background: The association of air pollution with multiple adverse health outcomes is becoming well established, but its negative economic impact is less well appreciated. It is important to elucidate this impact for the states of India. Methods: We estimated exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution, household air pollution, and ambient ozone pollution, and their attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. We estimated the economic impact of air pollution as the cost of lost output due to premature deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution for every state of India, using the cost-of-illness method. Findings: 1·67 million (95% uncertainty interval 1·42–1·92) deaths were attributable to air pollution in India in 2019, accounting for 17·8% (15·8–19·5) of the total deaths in the country. The majority of these deaths were from ambient particulate matter pollution (0·98 million [0·77–1·19]) and household air pollution (0·61 million [0·39–0·86]). The death rate due to household air pollution decreased by 64·2% (52·2–74·2) from 1990 to 2019, while that due to ambient particulate matter pollution increased by 115·3% (28·3–344·4) and that due to ambient ozone pollution increased by 139·2% (96·5–195·8). Lost output from premature deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution accounted for economic losses of US$28·8 billion (21·4–37·4) and $8·0 billion (5·9–10·3),Summary: Background: The association of air pollution with multiple adverse health outcomes is becoming well established, but its negative economic impact is less well appreciated. It is important to elucidate this impact for the states of India. Methods: We estimated exposure to ambient particulate matter pollution, household air pollution, and ambient ozone pollution, and their attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. We estimated the economic impact of air pollution as the cost of lost output due to premature deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution for every state of India, using the cost-of-illness method. Findings: 1·67 million (95% uncertainty interval 1·42–1·92) deaths were attributable to air pollution in India in 2019, accounting for 17·8% (15·8–19·5) of the total deaths in the country. The majority of these deaths were from ambient particulate matter pollution (0·98 million [0·77–1·19]) and household air pollution (0·61 million [0·39–0·86]). The death rate due to household air pollution decreased by 64·2% (52·2–74·2) from 1990 to 2019, while that due to ambient particulate matter pollution increased by 115·3% (28·3–344·4) and that due to ambient ozone pollution increased by 139·2% (96·5–195·8). Lost output from premature deaths and morbidity attributable to air pollution accounted for economic losses of US$28·8 billion (21·4–37·4) and $8·0 billion (5·9–10·3), respectively, in India in 2019. This total loss of $36·8 billion (27·4–47·7) was 1·36% of India's gross domestic product (GDP). The economic loss as a proportion of the state GDP varied 3·2 times between the states, ranging from 0·67% (0·47–0·91) to 2·15% (1·60–2·77), and was highest in the low per-capita GDP states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. Delhi had the highest per-capita economic loss due to air pollution, followed by Haryana in 2019, with 5·4 times variation across all states. Interpretation: The high burden of death and disease due to air pollution and its associated substantial adverse economic impact from loss of output could impede India's aspiration to be a $5 trillion economy by 2024. Successful reduction of air pollution in India through state-specific strategies would lead to substantial benefits for both the health of the population and the economy. Funding: UN Environment Programme; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; and Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Lancet. Volume 5:Issue 1(2021)
- Journal:
- Lancet
- Issue:
- Volume 5:Issue 1(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 5, Issue 1 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 5
- Issue:
- 1
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0005-0001-0000
- Page Start:
- e25
- Page End:
- e38
- Publication Date:
- 2021-01
- Subjects:
- Global environmental change -- Periodicals
Climatic changes -- Government policy -- Periodicals
Ecology -- Periodicals
Human ecology -- Periodicals
Public health administration -- Periodicals
304.2 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.sciencedirect.com/ ↗
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/issue/current ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30298-9 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 2542-5196
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- Legaldeposit
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