Risk of second primary malignancies among patients with carcinoid of the lung. (January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Buikhuisen, Wieneke A.; Steinbusch, Laurie C.; Kodach, Liudmila L.; Tesselaar, Margot E.T.; Damhuis, Ronald A.M.
• Is Part Of: Lung cancer. Volume 151(2021)
• Page Start: 5
• Page End: 7
• Publication Date: 2021-01
• Subjects: PC pulmonary carcinoids -- SIR standardized incidence ratio -- NET neuroendocrine tumour -- NCR Netherlands Cancer Registry -- GEPNET gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour; Pulmonary carcinoids -- Bronchial NET -- Etiology -- Metachronous malignancies; Lungs -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Lung Neoplasms -- Abstracts; Lung Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Poumons -- Cancer -- Périodiques; Lungs -- Cancer; Periodicals; Electronic journals; Electronic journals; 616.99424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.11.017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0169-5002

Abstract

Highlights: This is the largest series published in the literature, 2933 patients with pulmonary carcinoids, 256 had metachronous malignancies. Previously suggested associations of second primary tumours with pulmonary carcinoids were invalidated. Concomitant diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoids with other cancers is common, reflecting surveillance diagnostics. Abstract: Objectives: Little is known about the etiology of pulmonary carcinoids (PC). Associations with other types of cancer may identify shared risk factors but results from earlier studies were inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between PC and other primary malignancies for identifying risk factors. Methods: A query of the nationwide Netherlands Cancer Registry generated data about patients diagnosed with PC from 1989 to 2018. The occurrence of second primary malignancies was evaluated separately for year 1 and years 2−30. The expected numbers of second primary malignancies were calculated using incidence reference tables, controlling for age, gender and period. Confidence intervals (95 % CI) for the ratio between observed and expected numbers (SIR: standardized incidence ratio) were calculated using Poisson distributions. Results: In a total of 2933 patients with PC, 425 consecutive primary malignancies were observed in 376 patients. Concomitant diagnoses in the first year mainly comprised lung (n = 59) and renal cancer (n = 14). Metachronous malignancies beyond the first year were most common for breast (n = 50), colorectal (n = 41), prostate (n = 32), and lung cancer (n = 29). Beyond year 1, the overall risk of second primary cancer in patients with PC was similar to the risk within the general population (n = 256, SIR = 1.12, 95 % CI 0.99–1.27). Increased risks were observed for soft tissue sarcoma (n = 5, SIR = 3.52, 95 % CI 1.14–8.22) and GEPNET (n = 4, SIR = 4.30, 95 % CI 1.17–11.01). Conclusions: Concomitant diagnosis of PC with other cancers is common, reflecting surveillance diagnostics. Apart from MEN-1 family history, no shared risk factors could be identified.