Translational control of coronaviruses. Issue 22 (2nd December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: de Breyne, Sylvain; Vindry, Caroline; Guillin, Olivia; Condé, Lionel; Mure, Fabrice; Gruffat, Henri; Chavatte, Laurent; Ohlmann, Théophile
• Is Part Of: Nucleic acids research. Volume 48:Issue 22(2020)
• Page Start: 12502
• Page End: 12522
• Publication Date: 2020-12-02
• Subjects: Nucleic acids -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; 572.805
• DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1116
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0305-1048

Abstract

Abstract: Coronaviruses represent a large family of enveloped RNA viruses that infect a large spectrum of animals. In humans, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic and is genetically related to SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which caused outbreaks in 2002 and 2012, respectively. All viruses described to date entirely rely on the protein synthesis machinery of the host cells to produce proteins required for their replication and spread. As such, virus often need to control the cellular translational apparatus to avoid the first line of the cellular defense intended to limit the viral propagation. Thus, coronaviruses have developed remarkable strategies to hijack the host translational machinery in order to favor viral protein production. In this review, we will describe some of these strategies and will highlight the role of viral proteins and RNAs in this process.