Convergence Between DSM-5 Section II and III Models of Personality Disorders Among Older Adults. (16th December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stone, Lisa; Segal, Daniel
• Is Part Of: Innovation in aging. Volume 4(2020)Supplement 1
• Page Start: 391
• Page End: 391
• Publication Date: 2020-12-16
• Subjects: Aging -- Periodicals; Gerontology -- Periodicals; 612.67
• DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1258
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2399-5300

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a measure of the alternative model of personality disorders (PDs), proposed in Section III of the DSM-5, but the PID-5 has limited evidence of validity for use among older adults. This study examined the validity of the alternate model through associations with the 10 traditional PDs in DSM-5. It was hypothesized that the PID-5 would relate to the traditional PDs in patterns predicted by the alternate model. Method: Older adults (N = 202) completed the PID-5 and the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (CATI), a measurement of the 10 PDs. Results: Correlations were computed between the PID-5's 25 facets and the CATI's 10 PD scales. All facets were found to significantly (p < .001) and positively correlate with all 10 PD scales, with large effect sizes (> .30). Next, regressions were conducted, with the PID-5 facets predicting each PD scale. Overall, across the 10 regression analyses, the PID-5 facets accounted for significant variance in the CATI PD scales, ranging from 64% (Avoidant) to 71% (Obsessive-Compulsive). Discussion: Although some DSM-5 hypothesized facets were significant predictors, many unexpected significant relationships were also detected. Of the 10 PD models, seven models included more unpredicted significant traits than predicted ones; two models included more significant predicted traits than unpredicted ones; one model included an equal number of predicted and unpredicted significant traits. We found substantially more overlap between the PID-5 and CATI than anticipated in unpredicted directions, suggesting that the PID-5 has good specificity but lacks sensitivity.