0901 Role of Nasopharynx Radiography in Diagnosis of Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children. (27th May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rao, H S
• Is Part Of: Sleep. Volume 43(2020)Supplement 1
• Page Start: A343
• Page End: A343
• Publication Date: 2020-05-27
• Subjects: Sleep -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sleep disorders -- Periodicals; Sommeil -- Aspect physiologique -- Périodiques; Sommeil, Troubles du -- Périodiques; Sleep disorders; Sleep -- Physiological aspects; Sleep -- physiological aspects; Sleep Wake Disorders; Psychophysiology; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.8498
• DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.897
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0161-8105

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children comprises a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from primary snoring (prevalence 6-12%) to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; prevalence 1-3%). In younger children, SDB is often secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Polysomnography is the gold standard test for evaluation of sleep disordered breathing. Yet, many providers order ancillary tests such as Radiography of Nasopharynx (NPX-ray) to assess for adenoidal hypertrophy. Previous studies evaluating efficacy of NPX-rays to diagnose airway obstruction have shown mixed results. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 65 consecutive normally developed children who have had diagnostic polysomnography and NPX-rays over the past 3 years was performed. Data on age, sex, Obstructive Apnea Hypopnea Index (OAHI) and NPX-ray findings were collected. Our cohort mostly had the following diagnosis such as GERD, Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, ADHD and Obesity. Our cohort did not have neurological disorders or medications that could affect tone of upper airway. Standard pediatric AHI criteria was applied to categorize mild, moderate and severe OSA. Results: Our cohort's age ranged from 3-18 years (median age 10 years); 43 were males. Of the 24 children with normal sized adenoids with no obstruction; 6 had severe OSA and 4 had moderate OSA. 3 had hypertrophied adenoids on X-ray with occlusion of nasopharynx but only had mild OSA. Of the 15 children with prominent adenoids with some narrowing but no occlusion; 9 had severe OSA. Of the 9 children that had hypertrophied adenoids with no occlusion; 3 had moderate OSA and 3 had severe OSA. Of the 12 with mild enlargement, 4 had severe OSA. None of the 19 children with severe OSA showed airway occlusion by adenoids. Conclusion: In our study, the size of the adenoids on X-ray of the Nasopharynx did not correlate with severity of SDB in children. Airway obstruction in OSA is dynamic and can occur at multiple sites affected by anatomical factors and upper airway collapsibility. As use of Nasopharyngeal radiography involves exposure to radiation, it should be used judiciously in diagnosis of SDB in children. Polysomnography is the gold standard test for evaluation of SBD in children. Support: None.