Engineering long-circulating nanomaterial delivery systems. (December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fan, Zhiyuan; Zhu, Pu; Zhu, Yucheng; Wu, Kevin; Li, Christopher Y; Cheng, Hao
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in biotechnology. Volume 66(2020)
• Page Start: 131
• Page End: 139
• Publication Date: 2020-12
• Subjects: Biotechnology -- Periodicals; 660.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.07.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0958-1669

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Reducing protein adsorption on nanomaterials via surface modification is important to minimize nanomaterial-induced complement activation. Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells compete with the hepatobiliary pathway to clear nanoparticles in the liver. Polyethylene glycol and zwitterionic polymers on nanomaterials can be engineered to prolong their blood circulation. Hybrid membranes have been coated on nanoparticles or fabricated into vesicles to harness the functions of different cell membranes. Abstract : One of the grand challenges at the forefront of bionanomaterials is their quick clearance in blood circulation. Progress has been made in understanding nanomaterial-biological system interactions and in developing new strategies to extend the blood circulation time of nanomaterials. Here, we first review interactions between the complement system and nanomaterials as well as clearance pathways in major organs such as the liver, spleen, and kidneys. We then discuss new approaches to prolong the blood circulation of nanomaterials with a focus on grafting polymers and biomimetic camouflages including cell membrane coating and hybrid vesicles. In the end, we provide insights into the pros and cons of these approaches and our perspectives for advancing this field.