Food allergy: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. (October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lopes, Joao Pedro; Sicherer, Scott
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in immunology. Volume 66(2020)
• Page Start: 57
• Page End: 64
• Publication Date: 2020-10
• Subjects: Immunology -- Periodicals; Allergy -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Abstracts -- Periodicals; Allergy -- Abstracts -- Periodicals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-7915

Abstract

Highlights: Increased food allergy prevalence is being matched with research translation to the clinic. Identification of modifiable risk factors is leading to effective prevention strategies. New diagnostic options are and will be available, due to better understanding of pathophysiology. FDA has approved the first food allergy therapy, with many other therapies under investigation. Abstract : Food allergy affects up to 10% of the population. The identification of modifiable risk factors including skin barrier dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency, microbiome, and route and timing of allergen exposure is leading to effective prevention strategies, and some of which are now included in public health guidelines. An increasing understanding of the pathophysiology has improved diagnostic options and revealed novel manifestations such as delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat related to sensitization to a sugar moiety triggered by tick bites. Current diagnosis has improved with the commercialization of allergen component testing, and the diagnostics pipeline shows imminent advances for predicting reactivity, threshold and severity. The first FDA-approved food allergy therapy has come to fruition with superb additional approaches under investigation.