Incidence trends of esophageal cancer in the Czech Republic by histological subtype and stage and prescription rate of acid suppressing drugs. (December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kroupa, Radek; Katinova, Ivana; Pavlik, Tomas; Kunovsky, Lumir; Prochazka, Vladimir; Borilova Linhartova, Petra; Packova, Barbora; Kala, Zdenek; Dolina, Jiri
• Is Part Of: Cancer epidemiology. Volume 69(2020:Dec.)
• Publication Date: 2020-12
• Subjects: EC esophageal cancer -- EAC esophageal adenocarcinoma -- SCC squamous cell carcinoma -- CI confidence interval -- APC annual percentage change -- DDD defined daily dose -- PPIs proton pump inhibitors -- H2As histamine 2 antagonists; Esophageal cancer -- Esophageal adenocarcinoma -- Squamous cell carcinoma -- Proton pump inhibitor -- Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Cancer -- Epidemiology -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Prevention -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Diagnosis -- Periodicals; Carcinogenesis -- Periodicals; 616.994005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101853
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1877-7821

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Esophageal cancer incidence by histology was studied over the past three decades. Squamous cell carcinoma is still the predominant subtype (50 %). Increasing esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence with time shift in western countries. No association between use of proton pump inhibitors and adenocarcinoma incidence. Abstract: Background: Incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease has increased substantially in developed countries during the past decades. We aimed to analyze trends in incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) by histological subtypes and trends in acid suppressing drugs prescription in the Czech Republic. Methods: The incidence of EC by histological subtypes, sex, and stage from 1984–2017 was examined using data from the Czech National Cancer Registry. Defined daily doses of acid inhibiting drugs were analyzed from annual reports by the State Institute for Drug Control. Results: Age standardized incidence of EAC in men increased annually by 4.88 % with 95 % confidence interval (CI) (4.32, 5.45) from 1984 to 2017, and by 5.11 % (95 % CI, 4.02, 6.20) in women. Squamous cell carcinoma increased annually by 5.52 % (95 % CI, 2.49, 8.64) from 1984 to 1994 with subsequent slower increase by 0.87 % (95 % CI, 0.25, 1.50) from 1994 to 2017. It still represents 50 % of all EC in 2017. The comparable early stages of EAC showed similar annual percentage change of 5.77 %. From 2001 to 2018 the use of proton pump inhibitors increased dramatically from 6.8 to 72.9 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants. Conclusion: The incidence of EAC is still increasing in the Czech Republic, however it represents less than half of ECs. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is relatively stable. Broad use of acid suppressing drugs did not seem to impact the incidence of EAC even in early stages.