Co-occurrence of multidrug resistance, β-lactamase and plasmid mediated AmpC genes in bacteria isolated from river Ganga, northern India. (December 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chaturvedi, Preeti; Chaurasia, Deepshi; Pandey, Ashok; Gupta, Pratima
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 267(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-12
• Subjects: Multidrug resistance -- Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) -- AmpC -- Effluents -- Antibiotics -- Emerging pollutants; MDR Multidrug Resistant -- ESBL Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase -- ARB Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria -- ARG Antibiotic Resistant Genes -- BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand -- COD Chemical Oxygen Demand -- TSS Total Suspended Solid -- HGT Horizontal Gene Transfer -- WWTPs Wastewater Treatment Plants; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115502
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Wastewater effluents released in surface water provides suitable nutrient rich environment for the growth and proliferation of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and genes (ARG). Consequently, bacterial resistance has highly evolved over the recent years and diversified that each antibiotic class is inhibited by a distinct mechanism. In the present study, the prevalence of Multidrug resistant (MDR), extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid mediated Amp-C producing strains was analyzed in 28 surface water samples collected near domestic effluent discharge sites in river Ganga located across 11 different geographical indices of Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 243 bacterial strains with different phenotypes were isolated. Among 243 isolates, 206 (84.77%) exhibited MDR trait displaying maximum resistance towards β-lactams (P = 78.19%; AMX = 72.84%), glycopeptides (VAN = 32.92%; TEI = 79.42%), cephalosporins (CF = 67.90%; CFX = 38.27%), and lincosamides (CD = 78.18%) followed by sulfonamide, macrolide and tetracycline. ESBL production was confirmed in 126 (51.85%) isolates that harbored the genes: bla TEM (95.24%), bla SHV (22.22%), bla OXA (11.90%) and bla CTX-M group (14.28%). The presence of plasmid mediated AmpC was detected only in 6.17% of isolates. The existence of such pathogenic strains in the open environment generates an urgent need for incorporating stringent measures to reduce the antibiotic consumption and hence its release. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Co-occurrence of MDR, ESBL and AmpC traits was seen in 2.47% isolates. 84.77% of bacterial isolates from river exhibited MDR phenotypes. Prevalent AR detected: β-lactams, glycopeptides, cephalosporins, lincosamides. bla TEM (95.23%) being most common ESBL genotype. AmpC (6.17%) may be responsible for environmental horizontal gene transfer.