Corneal epithelial dendritic cells in patients with multiple sclerosis: An in vivo confocal microscopy study. (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Testa, Valeria; De Santis, Nicole; Scotto, Riccardo; Della Giustina, Piero; Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo; Cellerino, Maria; Cordano, Christian; Inglese, Maria; Uccelli, Antonio; Vagge, Aldo; Traverso, Carlo Enrico; Iester, Michele
• Is Part Of: Journal of clinical neuroscience. Volume 81(2020)
• Page Start: 139
• Page End: 143
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Multiple sclerosis -- Dendritic cells -- In-vivo confocal microscopy; Brain -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Periodicals; Nervous system -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Brain -- surgery -- Periodicals; Neurosurgical Procedures -- Periodicals; Neurosciences -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.09.041
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0967-5868

Abstract

Highlights: IVCM is able to show a difference in corneal DCs density between MS patients and healthy subjects. New underlying corneal changes could be detected during MS. Corneal manifestations of MS could be observed and used for treatment and diagnosis. Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate density and morphology of corneal epithelial dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). Methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional comparative study. All MS patients were clinically scored using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. Patients underwent ophthalmological examination and then cornea was analyzed by IVCM Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT 3) in combination with Rostock Cornea Module and CCD camera. Five sectors (central, nasal, temporal, inferior, superior and central area) were analyzed in both patient eyes, then for each sector one image was selected and analyzed by using the manual cell counting system offered with the software and ImageJ program. DCs density (cell/mm 2 ) and DCs size (µm 2 ) were considered for the analyses. Difference between the two groups and correlation between DCs, MS type, EDSS score, optic neuritis and ongoing therapy were analyzed. Results: We enrolled 46 consecutive patients: 23 with MS (age 47.87 ± 7.22 years (mean ± standard deviation) and 21 healthy subjects (age 46.0 ± 12.6 years) from July 2017 to July 2018. MS patients showed a lower DCs density when compared with healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Moreover, we found a direct correlation (r:0.48, p < 0.05) between DCs density and ongoing disease-modifying therapy. Conclusion: IVCM was able to show a difference in corneal DCs density between MS patients and healthy subjects, providing an insight to the underlying changes of the clinical manifestations of MS. Further studies are needed to provide evidence of possible clinical implications.