Integration of danger peptide signals with herbivore‐associated molecular pattern signaling amplifies anti‐herbivore defense responses in rice. (1st April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shinya, Tomonori; Yasuda, Shigetaka; Hyodo, Kiwamu; Tani, Rena; Hojo, Yuko; Fujiwara, Yuka; Hiruma, Kei; Ishizaki, Takuma; Fujita, Yasunari; Saijo, Yusuke; Galis, Ivan
• Is Part Of: Plant journal. Volume 94:Number 4(2018)
• Page Start: 626
• Page End: 637
• Publication Date: 2018-04-01
• Subjects: plant–herbivore interactions -- danger‐associated molecular patterns -- herbivore‐associated molecular patterns -- synergistic effects -- plant immunity -- rice -- Oryza sativa -- OsPeps; Plant molecular biology -- Periodicals; Plant cells and tissues -- Periodicals; Botany -- Periodicals; 580
• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13883
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-7412

Abstract

Summary: Plant defense against herbivores is modulated by herbivore‐associated molecular patterns (HAMPs) from oral secretions (OS) and/or saliva of insects. Furthermore, feeding wounds initiate plant self‐damage responses modulated by danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as immune defense‐promoting plant elicitor peptides (Peps). While temporal and spatial co‐existence of both patterns during herbivory implies a possibility of their close interaction, the molecular mechanisms remain undetermined. Here we report that exogenous application of rice ( Oryza sativa ) peptides (OsPeps) can elicit multiple defense responses in rice cell cultures. Specific activation of OsPROPEP3 gene transcripts in rice leaves by wounding and OS treatments further suggests a possible involvement of the OsPep3 peptide in rice–herbivore interactions. Correspondingly, we found that simultaneous application of OsPep3 and Mythimna loreyi OS significantly amplifies an array of defense responses in rice cells, including mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation, and generation of defense‐related hormones and metabolites. The induction of OsPROPEP3/4 by OsPep3 points to a positive auto‐feedback loop in OsPep signaling which may contribute to additional enhancement of defense signal(s). Finally, the overexpression of the OsPep receptor OsPEPR1 increases the sensitivity of rice plants not only to the cognate OsPeps but also to OS signals. Our findings collectively suggest that HAMP–DAMP signal integration provides a critical step in the amplification of defense signaling in plants. Significance Statement: Plants detect herbivores through HAMPs (herbivore‐associated molecular patterns) and self‐produced DAMPs (danger‐associated molecular patterns); however, little is known about the interactions of these co‐existing signals during insect herbivory. We show that endogenous rice peptides (DAMPs), represented by OsPep3, act synergistically/additively with HAMP‐containing caterpillar oral secretions to strongly amplify defense responses in rice cells, pointing to a close linkage(s) between multiple herbivory‐associated signals required for the activation of effective defense in plants.