Correction of Valgus Lesser Toes by Percutaneous Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the Proximal Phalanx. Issue 4 (22nd October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ray, Robbie; Robinson, Peter W.; Dearden, Paul M.; Goff, Thomas A.; Lam, Peter; Lewis, Thomas L.
• Is Part Of: Foot & ankle orthopaedics. Volume 5:Issue 4(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-10-22
• Subjects: Hammertoe Correction -- Lesser MTP Joint Deformities -- Hammertoe Correction; Foot -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Ankle -- Surgery -- Periodicals; Orthopedics -- Periodicals; 617.584
• DOI: 10.1177/2473011420S00397
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2473-0114

Abstract

Category: Lesser Toes; Bunion Introduction/Purpose: Deformities of the lesser toes are usually described in the sagittal plane. Coronal plane deviation is also common, yet there is a paucity of literature on the management of these challenging deformities. Traditional soft tissue procedures and translational Weil osteotomies are unpredictable and can lead to post-operative stiffness. We present the results of a novel percutaneous osteotomy of the proximal phalanx to treat valgus deformity of the 2nd toe. Methods: 29 patients underwent 38 osteotomies at a mean age of 59+/-9 years. Through a 2mm dorsomedial incision, a percutaneous proximal metaphyseal medial closing wedge osteotomy is performed using a low speed, high torque 2x8mm burr. The toe is then taped for 2 weeks. Mean follow up was 29+/-18 months. Post-operative weight bearing radiographs were performed at a mean of 27+/-18 months. Dichotomous variables were assessed using a Chi square test. After confirming normality using a Kolomgrov-Smirnov test, continuous variables were measured using paired and independent t-tests. Results: 90% (n=26) patients responded. 88% (n=23) patients were satisfied or extremely satisfied with the procedure. 24% reported a partial (n=4) or complete recurrence (n=2) of deformity. Patients who perceived recurrence were significantly more likely to be dissatisfied (p=0.001). Radiographs were available for 27/38 osteotomies. Mean valgus angle decreased from 21+/-10° to 9+/-8° (p=0.001). All osteotomies united with no delayed union. There were no wound complications or infections. 2 patients reported long term numbness in the toe and 1 patient complained of a floating toe. Conclusion: Percutaneous closing wedge osteotomies to correct (valgus)coronal plane deformity is technically straight forward with a low complication rate and high patient satisfaction. Future studies should assess the role of this technique to correct medial crossover deformities and compare outcomes with other techniques.