Increased dairy product consumption as part of a diet and exercise weight management program improves body composition in adolescent females with overweight and obesity—A randomized controlled trial. Issue 12 (29th June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Calleja, Melissa; Caetano Feitoza, Natalie; Falk, Bareket; Klentrou, Panagiota; Ward, Wendy E.; Sullivan, Philip J.; Josse, Andrea R.
• Is Part Of: Pediatric obesity. Volume 15:Issue 12(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-06-29
• Subjects: adolescent health -- body composition -- dairy products -- exercise -- healthy eating -- weight management; Obesity in children -- Periodicals; Obesity in adolescence -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Overweight children -- Periodicals; 618.92398
• DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12690
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1747-7174

Abstract

Summary: Background: Exercise can improve body composition in adolescents and adults with overweight/obesity. Consumption of dairy foods, as part of a healthy lifestyle program, can also promote favourable body composition changes in adults with overweight/obesity. However, the few studies examining these combined effects on body composition in adolescents are inconclusive. Objective: To determine whether increased dairy product consumption, as part of a lifestyle modification program featuring exercise training and dietary guidance promotes favourable body composition changes in adolescent females with overweight/obesity. Methods: Fifty‐four participants (age: 14.8 ± 2.2y; BMI percentile: 95th ± 6) assigned to three groups completed the study. There were two experimental groups: recommended dairy (RDa; n = 24) and low dairy (LDa; n = 22), and a no‐intervention control group (Con; n = 8). RDa and LDa participated in a 12‐week, eucaloric, lifestyle modification intervention consisting of mixed‐mode exercise (3x/week), and nutritional counselling. RDa was provided 4 servings/day of dairy foods, while LDa and Con maintained habitually low intakes (0‐2 servings/day). Body weight/composition, waist/hip circumference, cardiovascular fitness and food intake were assessed at weeks 0 and 12. Results: Weight did not significantly change in any group. RDa significantly decreased fat mass (FM) and increased lean mass (LM) more than LDa and Con (FM: −1.3 ± 2.1 kg, −1.1 ± 2.0 kg, 0.8 ± 1.8 kg; LM: 1.5 ± 1.9 kg, 0.7 ± 1.6 kg, 0.5 ± 1.4 kg, respectively). LDa also significantly decreased FM and increased LM more than Con ( P < .005; all interactions). Conclusion: The inclusion of dairy foods in the diet of adolescent females with overweight/obesity, as part of a diet and exercise intervention, favourably improves body composition in the absence of weight loss.