Clinical characteristics, predictors, and performance of case definition—Interim results from the WHO global respiratory syncytial virus surveillance pilot. Issue 6 (31st October 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hirve, Siddhivinayak; Crawford, Nigel; Palekar, Rakhee; Zhang, Wenqing
• Other Names: Bancej Christina investigator.; Barr Ian investigator.; Baumeister Elsa investigator.; Broor Shobha investigator.; Burmaa Alyeksandr investigator.; Campbell Harry investigator.; Caetano Braulia investigator.; Chadha Mandeep investigator.; Chittaganpitch Malinee investigator.; Coulibaly Daouda investigator.; Darmaa Badarch investigator.; Ellis Joanna investigator.; Fahim Manal investigator.; Fasce Rodrigo investigator.; Herve Kadjo investigator.; Jackson Sandra investigator.; Pisareva Maria investigator.; Moyes Jocelyn investigator.; Naguib Amel investigator.; Nair Harish investigator.; Pebody Richard investigator.; Potdar Varsha investigator.; Rajatonirina Soatiana investigator.; Siqueira Marilda investigator.; Smith Peter G. investigator.; Smorodintseva Elizaveta investigator.; Sotomayor Viviana investigator.; Treurnicht Florette investigator.; Tivane Almiro investigator.; Venter Marietjie investigator.; Wairagkar Niteen investigator.; Zambon Maria investigator.;
• Is Part Of: Influenza and other respiratory viruses. Volume 14:Issue 6(2020)
• Page Start: 647
• Page End: 657
• Publication Date: 2019-10-31
• Subjects: case definition -- respiratory syncytial virus -- surveillance; Influenza -- Periodicals; Respiratory infections -- Periodicals; Virus diseases -- Periodicals; Influenza, Human -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Virus Diseases -- Periodicals; Grippe -- Périodiques; Appareil respiratoire -- Infections -- Périodiques; Maladies à virus -- Périodiques; 616.203
• DOI: 10.1111/irv.12688
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1750-2640

Abstract

Abstract: Background: The lack of a uniform surveillance case definition poses a challenge to characterize the epidemiology, clinical features, and disease burden of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Global standards for RSV surveillance will inform immunization policy when RSV vaccines become available. Methods: The WHO RSV surveillance pilot leverages the capacities of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). Hospitalized and non‐hospitalized medically attended patients of any age were tested for RSV using standardized molecular diagnostics throughout the year in fourteen countries. An extended severe acute respiratory infection (extended SARI) or an acute respiratory infection (ARI) case definition was used that did not require fever as a criterion. Results: Amongst 21 221 patients tested for RSV between January 2017 and September 2018, 15 428 (73%) were hospital admissions. Amongst hospitalized RSV‐positive patients, 50% were aged <6 months and 88% <2 years. The percentage of patients testing positive for RSV was 37% in children <6 months and 25% in those aged 6 months to 2 years. Patients with fever were less likely to be RSV positive compared to those without fever (OR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63‐0.86). For infants <6 months, 29% of RSV ARI cases did not have fever. Conclusion: Requiring fever in a case definition for RSV lowers the sensitivity to detect cases in young children. Countries should consider ways to leverage the GISRS platform to implement RSV surveillance with an augmented case definition amongst the young pediatric population.