Nakagami imaging with related distributions for advanced thermogram pseudocolorization. (October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alpar, Orcan
• Is Part Of: Journal of thermal biology. Volume 93(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-10
• Subjects: Nakagami imaging -- Infrared thermography -- Distribution-based image processing -- Advanced pseudocoloring -- Lesion detection; Thermobiology -- Periodicals; Temperature -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Thermobiologie -- Périodiques; Thermobiology; Periodicals; 571.46
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102704
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4565

Abstract

Abstract: Pseudocoloring algorithms embedded in the software of thermal cameras gradually colorize original intensity thermograms generated by detecting temperatures and contrast. Maximum and minimum based algorithms, however, executed by thresholding, applied to intensity thermograms for revealing and coloring the outliers instead. Although the common pseudocoloring protocols employed for general purposes may provide crucial information on the superficial contrast between radiation emitted by various sources; their common kernel is not sufficient for detecting and differentiating high radiated regions from surrounding areas, which is mandatory for recognition of abnormalities. Therefore, we propose novel imaging methodology based on Nakagami and related distributions, including gamma, Rayleigh, Weibull, chi-square and exponential, for enhancing thermal images and also for creating adequate discrimination. We initially define the boundaries of tumor and surrounding area in a synthetically generated breast thermogram already diagnosed as retroareolar tumor. Using Nakagami and transformations supported by mathematical foundations, we conducted several experiments to find the discrimination factor of the pseudocoloring techniques by calculating difference of average contrast between the tumor and the surrounding area. The performance is greatly encouraging that we achieved considerably better discrimination factor, designated for this study, up to 106.80 compared to the results of existing built-in pseudocolorization methods computed as 11.56. Highlights: This paper proposes a pseudocoloring methodology for breast thermograms. The kernel is intelligent imaging with Nakagami and related distributions. Mathematical foundations of transformations are presented to apply imaging methods. m-parametric Nakagami and transformations are applied to the thermal images. Compared with built-in thermograms, all transformations have better discrimination.