Aggressive communication in aquatic environments. (22nd November 2019)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Aggressive communication in aquatic environments. (22nd November 2019)
- Main Title:
- Aggressive communication in aquatic environments
- Authors:
- Frommen, Joachim G.
- Editors:
- Fox, Charles
- Abstract:
- Abstract: Aggressive interactions are ubiquitous among animals. They are either directed towards heterospecifics, like predators or competitors, or conspecifics. During intraspecific encounters, aggression often serves to establish hierarchies within the social group. Thus, in order to understand the mechanisms mediating social organization, it is important to comprehend the escalation and avoidance of aggressive behaviour. Overt aggressive interactions are costly not only in terms of increased risk of injury or death, but also due to opportunity costs and energy expenditure. In order to reduce these costs, animals are expected to communicate their strength and aggressive motivation prior to fights. For this purpose, they use different means of communication in various sensory modalities, that is visual, acoustic, chemical, mechanosensory and electric cues. These different modalities can convey different or similar information, underlining the importance of understanding the multimodal communication of aggression. Thus far, most studies on signalling during aggressive encounters have focussed on visual or acoustic cues, most likely as these are the two modalities predominantly used by humans. However, depending on the species' ecology, visual or acoustic cues might play a minor role for many species. Especially in aquatic systems, visual communication is often hampered due to high levels of turbidity or limited light conditions. Here, alternative modalities such as chemical,Abstract: Aggressive interactions are ubiquitous among animals. They are either directed towards heterospecifics, like predators or competitors, or conspecifics. During intraspecific encounters, aggression often serves to establish hierarchies within the social group. Thus, in order to understand the mechanisms mediating social organization, it is important to comprehend the escalation and avoidance of aggressive behaviour. Overt aggressive interactions are costly not only in terms of increased risk of injury or death, but also due to opportunity costs and energy expenditure. In order to reduce these costs, animals are expected to communicate their strength and aggressive motivation prior to fights. For this purpose, they use different means of communication in various sensory modalities, that is visual, acoustic, chemical, mechanosensory and electric cues. These different modalities can convey different or similar information, underlining the importance of understanding the multimodal communication of aggression. Thus far, most studies on signalling during aggressive encounters have focussed on visual or acoustic cues, most likely as these are the two modalities predominantly used by humans. However, depending on the species' ecology, visual or acoustic cues might play a minor role for many species. Especially in aquatic systems, visual communication is often hampered due to high levels of turbidity or limited light conditions. Here, alternative modalities such as chemical, mechanical or electrical cues are expected to play a prominent role. In this review, I provide an overview of different modalities used during aggressive communication in aquatic organisms. I highlight the importance of studying the role of multimodal communication during aggressive encounters in general and discuss the importance of understanding aquatic communication in the light of conservation and animal welfare issues. Abstract : A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Zusammenfassung: Aggressive Interaktionen sind im Tierreich weitverbreitet. Sie richten sich entweder gegen Individuen anderer Arten, wie Fressfeinde oder Konkurrenten, oder gegen Artgenossen. Hier dienen sie oft dazu Hierarchien herzustellen oder zu erhalten. Um das entstehen sozialer Strukturen zu erforschen ist es folglich wichtig, aggressives Verhalten zu verstehen. Kämpfe können zu Verletzungen oder zum Tod eines der Kontrahenten führen. Des Weiteren müssen die Tiere Zeit und Energie investieren. Um solche Kosten so gering wie möglich zu halten ist es nützlich, die eigene Stärke und Motivation zu signalisieren bevor es zu physischer Aggression kommt. Hierbei kommunizieren Tiere mittels visueller, akustischer, chemischer, mechanosensorischer und elektrischer Signale. Oftmals werden verschiedene Signale zeitgleich gesendet, die entweder die gleichen oder unterschiedliche Informationen transportieren können. Um aggressive Kommunikation zu verstehen ist es deshalb notwendig, solch multimodalen Signale zu untersuchen. Die meisten Studien zum Thema aggressive Kommunikation fokussieren auf visuelle und akustische Signale, vermutlich da auch wir Menschen vor allem mittels solcher Signale kommunizieren. Allerdings sollten bei anderen Arten abhängig von den ökologischen Rahmenbedingungen andere Modalitäten eine wichtigere Rolle spielen. In aquatischen Habitaten sind zum Beispiel die Sichtverhältnisse oft schlecht. Hier nehmen chemische, mechanische, akustische oder elektrische Reize eine wichtige Rolle ein. In diesem Übersichtsartikel stelle ich verschiedenen Formen aggressiver Kommunikation aquatischer Organismen vor. Hierbei liegt ein besonderes Augenmerk auf der gleichzeitigen Verwendung unterschiedlicher Signale. Des Weiteren diskutiere ich die Rolle aggressiver Kommunikation in komplexen sozialen Gruppen und beleuchte, wie Erkenntnisse zur aggressiven Kommunikation Anwendungen im Tier‐ und Artenschutz finden können. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Functional ecology. Volume 34:Number 2(2020)
- Journal:
- Functional ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 34:Number 2(2020)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 34, Issue 2 (2020)
- Year:
- 2020
- Volume:
- 34
- Issue:
- 2
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2020-0034-0002-0000
- Page Start:
- 364
- Page End:
- 380
- Publication Date:
- 2019-11-22
- Subjects:
- acoustic cues -- aggression -- chemical cues -- contest theory -- electric cues -- mechanosensory cues -- multimodal communication -- visual cues
Ecology -- Periodicals
574.505 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=fecoe5 ↗
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0269-8463&site=1 ↗
http://www.jstor.org/journals/02698463.html ↗
http://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2435/ ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org/journal=0269-8463;screen=info;ECOIP ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2435.13482 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0269-8463
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4055.616000
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- 14570.xml