How do sea-level curves influence modeled marine terrace sequences?. (1st February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: de Gelder, Gino; Jara-Muñoz, Julius; Melnick, Daniel; Fernández-Blanco, David; Rouby, Hélène; Pedoja, Kevin; Husson, Laurent; Armijo, Rolando; Lacassin, Robin
• Is Part Of: Quaternary science reviews. Volume 229(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-02-01
• Subjects: Quaternary -- Sea-level changes -- Global -- Coastal geomorphology -- Marine terraces -- Landscape evolution models -- Corinth rift; Geology, Stratigraphic -- Quaternary -- Periodicals; Stratigraphie -- Quaternaire -- Périodiques; 551.79
• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106132
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0277-3791

Abstract

Abstract: Sequences of uplifted marine terraces are widespread and reflect the interaction between climatic and tectonic processes at multiple scales, yet their analysis is typically biased by the chosen sea-level (SL) curve. Here we explore the influence of Quaternary SL curves on the geometry of marine terrace sequences using landscape evolution models (LEMs). First, we modeled the young, rapidly uplifting sequence at Xylokastro (Corinth Rift; <240 ka; ∼1.5 mm/yr), which allowed us to constrain terrace ages, model parameters, and best-fitting SL curves. Models that better reproduced the terraced topography used a glacio-isostatically adjusted SL curve based on coral data (for ∼125 ka), and a eustatic SL curve based on ice-sheet models (for ∼240 ka). Second, we explored the opposite end-member of older, slower uplifting sequences (2.6 Ma; 0.1–0.2 mm/yr). We find that cliff diffusion is important to model terrace sequence morphology, and that a hydraulic-model based SL curve reproduced observed terrace morphologies best. Third, we modeled the effect of SL noise with various amplitudes and wavelengths on our interpretations, finding that younger, faster uplifting sequences are less noise-sensitive and thus generally more promising for LEM studies. Our results emphasize the importance of testing a variety of SL-curves within marine terrace studies, and highlight that accurate modeling through LEMs may provide valuable insight on climatic and tectonic forcing to Quaternary coastal evolution. Highlights: A landscape evolution modeling approach enriches marine terrace analyses. Sea-level curve shapes set the RMS misfit between modeled and observed sequences. A higher sea-level curve resolution generally leads to more modeled terraces. The geometry of old, slow uplifting sequences is very sensitive to sea-level noise. Younger, faster uplifting sequences are favorable for landscape evolution modeling.