Innate immune interactions within the central nervous system modulate pathogenesis of viral infections. (October 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nair, Sharmila; Diamond, Michael S
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in immunology. Volume 36(2015)
• Page Start: 47
• Page End: 53
• Publication Date: 2015-10
• Subjects: Immunology -- Periodicals; Allergy -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Abstracts -- Periodicals; Allergy -- Abstracts -- Periodicals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.06.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-7915

Abstract

Highlights: CNS cells defend against viruses by several different innate immune mechanisms. Type I IFN, inflammasome signaling, and autophagy have antiviral roles in neurons. Micro-RNA expression in neurons can inhibit virus infection or promote pathogenesis. Abstract : The innate immune system mediates protection against neurotropic viruses that replicate in the central nervous system (CNS). Virus infection within specific cells of the CNS triggers activation of several families of pattern recognition receptors including Toll-like receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene I like receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, and cytosolic DNA sensors. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of how cell-intrinsic host defenses within the CNS modulate infection of different DNA and RNA viruses.