Dopamine and proximity in motivation and cognitive control. (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Westbrook, Andrew; Frank, Michael
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in behavioral sciences. Volume 22(2018)
• Page Start: 28
• Page End: 34
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: Psychology -- Periodicals; 150.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.12.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-1546

Abstract

Highlights: Striatal dopamine can both promote cognitive control and undermine it. Opposing effects may be resolved considering striatal action selection biases. Dopamine may undermine control by amplifying a bias for proximal actions. Dopamine–proximity biases may be adaptive in foraging contexts. Abstract : Cognitive control — the ability to override a salient or prepotent action to execute a more deliberate one — is required for flexible, goal-directed behavior, and yet it is subjectively costly: decision-makers avoid allocating control resources, even when doing so affords more valuable outcomes. Dopamine likely offsets effort costs just as it does for physical effort. And yet, dopamine can also promote impulsive action, undermining control. We propose a novel hypothesis that reconciles opposing effects of dopamine on cognitive control: during action selection, striatal dopamine biases benefits relative to costs, but does so preferentially for 'proximal' motor and cognitive actions. Considering the nature of instrumental affordances and their dynamics during action selection facilitates a parsimonious interpretation and conserved corticostriatal mechanisms across physical and cognitive domains.