Genetic polymorphisms associated with smoking behaviour predict the risk of surgery in patients with Crohn's disease. Issue 1 (20th October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lang, B. M.; Biedermann, L.; van Haaften, W. T.; de Vallière, C.; Schuurmans, M.; Begré, S.; Zeitz, J.; Scharl, M.; Turina, M.; Greuter, T.; Schreiner, P.; Heinrich, H.; Kuntzen, T.; Vavricka, S. R.; Rogler, G.; Beerenwinkel, N.; Misselwitz, B.
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• Is Part Of: Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. Volume 47:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 55
• Page End: 66
• Publication Date: 2017-10-20
• Subjects: Digestive organs -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Digestive organs -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; 615.73
• DOI: 10.1111/apt.14378
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-2813

Abstract

Summary: Background: Smoking is a strong environmental factor leading to adverse outcomes in Crohn's disease, but a more benign course in ulcerative colitis. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with smoking quantity and behaviour. Aim: To assess whether smoking‐associated SNPs interact with smoking to influence the clinical course of inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods: Genetic and prospectively obtained clinical data from 1434 Swiss inflammatory bowel disease cohort patients (821 Crohn's disease and 613 ulcerative colitis) were analysed. Six SNPs associated with smoking quantity and behaviour (rs588765, rs1051730, rs1329650, rs4105144, rs6474412 and rs3733829) were combined to form a risk score (range: 0‐12) by adding the number of risk alleles. We calculated multivariate models for smoking, risk of surgery, fistula, Crohn's disease location and ulcerative colitis disease extent. Results: In Crohn's disease patients who smoke, the number of surgeries was associated with the genetic risk score. This translates to a predicted 3.5‐fold (95% confidence interval: 2.4‐ to 5.7‐fold, P <.0001) higher number of surgical procedures in smokers with 12 risk alleles than individuals with the lowest risk. Patients with a risk score >7 had a significantly shorter time to first intestinal surgery. The genetic risk score did not predict surgery in ulcerative colitis or occurrence of fistulae in Crohn's disease. SNP rs6265 was associated with ileal disease in Crohn's disease ( P <.05) and proctitis in ulcerative colitis ( P <.05). Conclusions: SNPs associated with smoking quantity is associated with an increased risk for surgery in Crohn's disease patients who smoke. Our data provide an example of genetics interacting with the environment to influence the disease course of inflammatory bowel disease.