Regional or global? The question of low-emission food sourcing addressed with spatial optimization modelling. (August 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kreidenweis, Ulrich; Lautenbach, Sven; Koellner, Thomas
• Is Part Of: Environmental modelling & software. Volume 82(2016:Aug.)
• Page Start: 128
• Page End: 141
• Publication Date: 2016-08
• Subjects: Local food -- Food miles -- Staple crops -- Optimization modelling -- Life cycle assessment -- Greenhouse gases; Environmental monitoring -- Computer programs -- Periodicals; Ecology -- Computer simulation -- Periodicals; Digital computer simulation -- Periodicals; Computer software -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Computer Simulation -- Periodicals; Environnement -- Surveillance -- Logiciels -- Périodiques; Écologie -- Simulation, Méthodes de -- Périodiques; Simulation par ordinateur -- Périodiques; Logiciels -- Périodiques; Computer software; Digital computer simulation; Ecology -- Computer simulation; Environmental monitoring -- Computer programs; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.70015118
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.04.020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1364-8152

Abstract

Abstract: Does producing staple food locally cause fewer greenhouse gas emissions than food sourced through imports from another continent? To address this question we used a spatial optimization approach that minimized greenhouse gas emissions from production and transport of five food commodities (barley, maize, oil, sugar and wheat) and compared this to a setting of local production where distances between production and consumption were minimized. We focused on the example of two countries – Brazil and Germany – in order to allow modelling at high spatial resolution. In the model, a minimization of greenhouse gas emissions led to an allocation of large shares of production to locations abroad. In contrast, the local production case, optimized on distance only, resulted in higher greenhouse gas emissions. Our findings show that despite additional transport needs for imports, specialization of countries on the production of specified crops can represent a low climate impact strategy. Highlights: Model of greenhouse gas emissions of local and spatially optimized staple production. Minimization of emissions led to an allocation of production to locations abroad. Regional production resulted in higher emissions than import-dependent production.