Decontamination of toxic chemical warfare sulfur mustard and nerve agent simulants by NiO NPs/Ag-clinoptilolite zeolite composite adsorbent. Issue 3 (September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sadeghi, Meysam; Ghaedi, Hamed; Yekta, Sina; Babanezhad, Esmaeil
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental chemical engineering. Volume 4:Issue 3(2016:Sep.)
• Page Start: 2990
• Page End: 3000
• Publication Date: 2016-09
• Subjects: Clinoptilolite -- Zeolite -- NiO NPs/Ag-clinoptilolite -- Decontamination; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental engineering -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects; Environmental engineering; Periodicals; 660.0286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2016.06.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-2929

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: The present investigation describes the performance of NiO NPs/Ag-clinoptilolite zeolite as a novel composite adsorbent for the decontamination of two most known sulfur mustard and nerve agent simulants; chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP). The reactions were carried out in both methanol and n -hexane solvents and monitored by GC-FID, 31 PNMR and GC–MS analyses subsequently. Moreover, the SEM/EDAX, XRD and FT-IR techniques were applied for characterization of the as-prepared samples. The GC-FID results denoted that CEES was decontaminated on the composite in n -hexane solvent after 12 h at room temperature with a yield more than 86%. Besides, 31 PNMR data illustrated that more than 89% of DMMP was decontaminated after 8 h under similar conditions. It seems that non-polar solvent aids the material transfer to the reactive sites on the surface of the composite without blocking them. The rate constant and half-life have been calculated 3.8194 × 10 −5 s −1 and 7.3055 × 10 −5 s −1, and 1.8640 × 10 4 s and 9.4860 × 10 3 s for CEES and DMMP, respectively. The hydrolysis products; hydroxyl ethyl sulfide (HEES) and methyl phosphonic acid (MPA) were also identified by GC–MS analysis. It was emphasized that NiO NPs/Ag-clinoptilolite zeolite composite has a high capacity and potential for the decontamination of CEES and DMMP molecules.