Measurement and analysis of high-frequency voltage errors in the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer. (30th September 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kraus, M; Drung, D; Behr, R; Palafox, L; Kieler, O; Bauer, S; Herick, J
• Is Part Of: Measurement science & technology. Volume 31:Number 12(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-09-30
• Subjects: digital-to-analog conversion -- Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer -- Josephson voltage standard -- quantization -- signal synthesis -- voltage measurement; Physical measurements -- Periodicals; Scientific apparatus and instruments -- Periodicals; Equipment and Supplies -- Periodicals; Science -- instrumentation -- Periodicals; Technology -- instrumentation -- Periodicals; Mesures physiques -- Périodiques; Physical measurements; Scientific apparatus and instruments; Periodicals; 502.87
• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aba458
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0957-0233

Abstract

Abstract: This paper reports on the comparison of two Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizers for frequencies up to 500 kHz. Both independent pulse-driven Josephson arrays produce a 10 mV RMS sinusoidal voltage. They are alternately connected to an analog-to-digital converter which serves as a transfer standard. The setup is capable to of synthesizing quantum-based waveforms using two different pulse-bias techniques. We use the Zero-Compensation method and a two-pole high-pass filter structure in the pulse-bias configuration of one system (the reference) to minimize the amplitude error for signal frequencies up to 500 kHz. Consequently, we are able to directly detect the high-frequency voltage errors in the other system (the device under test). The setup is used to measure differences between both systems, and the influence of parameter variation on the results with Type A uncertainties of 0.4 µV/V ( k = 1) in measurement times of 60 s. We find that the dominant sources of deviations above 10 kHz can be traced to the influence of the output cabling and the pulse bias on the synthesized voltage signal. Our analysis explains the origin and the reduction of these high-frequency voltage errors.