Bioavailability and health benefits of major isoflavone aglycones and their metabolites. (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hsiao, Yu-Hsuan; Ho, Chi-Tang; Pan, Min-Hsiung
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 74(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Isoflavone aglycones -- Metabolites -- Bioavailability -- Bioactivity; ACC acetyl-CoA carboxylase -- ADRP AP-1, adipose differentiation-related protein activator protein 1 -- ALP alkaline phosphatase -- AMPK adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase -- B.Ar bone area -- BMD bone mineral density -- BMP2 bone morphogenetic protein 2 -- BV/TV bone volume/tissue volume -- c‐Fos cellular oncogene fos -- COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 -- CTSK cathepsin K -- CYP cytochrome P450 -- D-pyr urinary deoxypyridinoline -- EMT epithelial mesenchymal transition -- FAS fatty acid synthetase -- FFA free fatty acids -- FNT formononetin -- FSH follicle stimulating hormone -- GPAT3 glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase -- GSH-pX glutathione peroxidase -- HFD high fat content diet -- IL interleukin -- INF-γ Interferon-γ -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol -- LH luteinizing hormone -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -- MDA malonaldehyde -- MDI isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin -- MEK1/2 MAPK/ERK kinase 1/2 -- MGO methylglyoxal -- MKK4 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 -- MKK7 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 -- MMP matrix metalloproteinase -- MTTP microsomal TG transfer protein -- NFATc1 T cells cytoplasmic 1 -- NF-κB nuclear factor-κB -- OCN osteocalcin -- O-DMA O-desmethylangolensin -- OPG osteoprotegerin -- PGE2 prostaglandin E2 -- PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase -- PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -- PPARγ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ -- RANKL receptor of activator of nuclear factor κB-ligand -- RUNX2 runt-related transcription factor 2 -- SCD1 stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 -- SGK1 serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase -- SMI structure model index -- SSPS soybean polysaccharides -- STAT-1 transcription 1 -- STZ streptozotocin -- SULT sulfotransferases -- T3 triiodothyronine -- T4 thyroxine -- TAK1 transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 -- TBARs thio-barbituric acid reactive substances -- Tb.N trabecular number -- Tb.Pf trabecular pattern factor -- Tb.Th trabecular thickness -- Tb.Sp trabecular separation -- TG triacylglycerol -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α -- TRAP tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase -- UCP-1 uncoupling protein 1 -- UGT UDP-glucuronosyltransferase -- WIF1 Wnt inhibitory factor 1; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104164
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Isoflavones mostly convert into aglycones increasing bioavailability. β-glucosidase increases aglycones. Isoflavone aglycones have plenty of health benefits. Abstract: Isoflavones are stored in various plants and widely present in different kinds of food in variable amounts. However, isoflavone aglycones are found less frequently in natural products, a greater amount of isoflavone aglycones are found in fermented food. Isoflavone aglycones are more lipid soluble and thus easily able to go through the intestinal villi, resulting in increased bioavailability and greater bioactivity than glucosides. Recently, isoflavone aglycone and its metabolites were applied in different diseases in numerous studies. Thus, this review organizes and collects newly-found reports of aglycones and their metabolites' bioavailability toward metabolism in human body, and the application in the prevention and treatment of various disorders such as cancers, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders and osteoporosis from the past decade providing the latest findings and evidence in different pathways.