Paraclostridium dentum, a novel species with pathogenic features isolated from human dental plaque sample. (October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Urvashi, ; Choksket, Stanzin; Jain, Ashish; Sharma, Deepika; Grover, Vishakha; Korpole, Suresh
• Is Part Of: Anaerobe. Volume 65(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-10
• Subjects: Paraclostridium dentum -- Anaerobic -- Dental plaque -- Genome analysis -- Periodontitis -- Virulence -- Polar lipids; Anaerobic infections -- Periodicals; Anaerobic bacteria -- Periodicals; Bacterial diseases -- Periodicals; Computer network resources; Anaerobic protozoa -- Periodicals; 579.3
• DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102239
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1075-9964

Abstract

Abstract: A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain designated as SKVG24 was isolated from subgingival dental plaque samples of patients suffering from periodontitis. Cells were stained Gram-positive, rod shaped with endospore. The strain showed negative reaction to catalase and oxidase enzymes, but positive for gelatinase activity. Optimal growth was observed at 37 °C temperature and 7.0 pH. The 16S rRNA gene sequence BLAST analysis assigned strain SKVG24 to the genus Paraclostridium as it displayed 99.93% identity with P. benzoelyticum JC272 T followed by P. bifermentans ATCC 638 T (99.79%). However, average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) of the whole genome sequence showed <97% and <70% identity, respectively, with type strains of all closely related species. The G + C content of the DNA was 28.7 mol%. Total lipids profile showed presence of glycolipids as major lipids. Pathogenic features like hemolysis, gelatin hydrolysis and production of volatile sulfur compounds exhibited by strain SKVG24 T were analogous to those observed in the established oral pathogenic strains. Further, whole genome sequence analysis confirmed the presence of genes encoding virulence factors and provided genomic insights on adaptation of the strain in oral environment. Based on the phenotypic and genetic differences with phylogenetic relatives, strain SKVG24 T is proposed to represent a new species of the genus Paraclostridium with potential pathogenic ability, for which the name Paraclostridium dentum sp. nov., is suggested. The proposed type strain is SKVG24 T (MTCC 12836 T ; = JCM 32760 T ). Highlights: This study provides detailed characterization of a strain from subgingival plaque. Comparative genomics revealed it to be a novel species of the genus Paraclostridium. In vitro biochemical experiments exposed the pathogenic nature of strain SKVG24. So far, no pathogenic strain of Paraclostridium is reported in periodontal diseases.