IL‐23 restoration of Th17 effector function is independent of IL‐6 and TGF‐β in a mouse model of alcohol and burn injury. Issue 3 (6th July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Xiaoling; Cannon, Abigail R.; Hammer, Adam M.; Morris, Niya L.; Choudhry, Mashkoor A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of leukocyte biology. Volume 102:Issue 3(2017)
• Page Start: 915
• Page End: 923
• Publication Date: 2017-07-06
• Subjects: T cell -- trauma -- cytokines -- aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Leucocytes -- Periodicals; Reticulo-endothelial system -- Periodicals; 571.96
• DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3A1216-527R
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0741-5400

Abstract

Abstract : IL‐6 and TGF‐β do not appear to influence IL‐23‐mediated restoration of Th17 effector cytokines after ethanol and burn injury. Abstract : T cells play a critical role in host defense against intestinal bacteria. We have shown that ethanol combined with burn injury suppresses Peyer's patch (PP) Th17 cytokines 1 d after injury. We assessed the mechanism of suppressed Th17 effector functions. Mice were gavaged with ethanol 4 h before burn injury and euthanized 1, 3, and 7 d after injury. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), PPs, and spleen Th1 and Th17 cytokines were assessed. A significant decrease in IL‐17, IL‐22, IL‐2, and IFN‐γ were observed in all 3 lymphoid organs 1 and 3 d after injury. We used splenic cells to study the role of IL‐6, IL‐23, TGF‐β, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in suppressing Th17 cytokines. We also assessed whether the AHR agonist 6‐formylindolo (3, 2‐b) carbazole (FICZ) modulates Th17 cytokines. We found a significant decrease in IL‐6 and TGF‐β after ethanol and burn; IL‐23 was undetectable. The reconstitution of IL‐23 in culture medium increased IL‐17 by 2‐fold and IL‐22 by 20‐fold in cells from burn ethanol mice. The restoration of IL‐6 and TGF‐β combined did not influence the release of Th17 cytokines. We observed that AHR was necessary for IL‐23 restoration of IL‐22 after ethanol and burn injury. The AHR agonist FICZ enhanced IL‐22, but not IL‐17. None of these treatments influenced the release of Th1 cytokines. Together, these results suggest that IL‐23 plays a critical role in regulation of Th17 cytokines. Furthermore, IL‐6 and TGF‐β do not appear to influence IL‐23‐mediated restoration of Th17 cytokines after ethanol and burn injury.